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A connected graph can be associated with two distinct evolution algebras. In the first case, the structural matrix is the adjacency matrix of the graph itself. In the second case, the structural matrix is the transition probabilities matrix…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-22 Paula Cadavid , Mary Luz Rodiño Montoya , Pablo M. Rodriguez , Sebastian J. Vidal

Simplicial complexes are increasingly used to study complex system structure and dynamics including diffusion, synchronization and epidemic spreading. The spectral dimension of the graph Laplacian is known to determine the diffusion…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2020-02-19 Ginestra Bianconi , Sergey N. Dorogovtsev

We give a method to construct cospectral graphs for the normalized Laplacian by a local modification in some graphs with special structure. Namely, under some simple assumptions, we can replace a small bipartite graph with a cospectral mate…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-01-27 Steve Butler , Jason Grout

An oriented hypergraph is a hypergraph where each vertex-edge incidence is given a label of $+1$ or $-1$. The adjacency and Laplacian eigenvalues of an oriented hypergraph are studied. Eigenvalue bounds for both the adjacency and Laplacian…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-06-18 Nathan Reff

We study operators on rooted graphs with a certain spherical homogeneity. These graphs are called path commuting and allow for a decomposition of the adjacency matrix and the Laplacian into a direct sum of Jacobi matrices which reflect the…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2012-01-04 Jonathan Breuer , Matthias Keller

Let $M=[m_{ij}]$ be an $n\times m$ real matrix, $\rho$ be a nonzero real number, and $A$ be a symmetric real matrix. We denote by $D(M)$ the $n\times n$ diagonal matrix $diag(\sum_{j=1}^{m}m_{1j},\ldots,\sum_{j=1}^{m}m_{nj})$ and denote by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-09 Asghar Bahmani , Dariush Kiani

We study the eigenvalues of the unique connected anti-regular graph $A_n$. Using Chebyshev polynomials of the second kind, we obtain a trigonometric equation whose roots are the eigenvalues and perform elementary analysis to obtain an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-11 Cesar O. Aguilar , Joon-yeob Lee , Eric Piato , Barbara J. Schweitzer

Bidirected graphs are a common generalisation of directed graphs where arcs can also be incoming to both their incident nodes, or outgoing from both their incident nodes. Such arcs allow a walk to change direction. Some algorithms can…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Sebastian Schmidt , Juha Harviainen , Corentin Moumard , Aleksandr Politov , Francisco Sena , Alexandru I. Tomescu

We present enumeration results on the number of connected graphs up to 10 vertices for which there is at least one other graph with the same spectrum (a cospectral mate), or at least one other graph with the same Smith normal form…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-14 Aida Abiad , Carlos A. Alfaro

We determine all graphs whose adjacency matrix has at most two eigenvalues (multiplicities included) different from $\pm 1$ and decide which of these graphs are determined by their spectrum. This includes the so-called friendship graphs,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-10-25 Sebastian M. Cioabă , Willem H. Haemers , Jason Vermette , Wiseley Wong

Ahanjideh, Akbari, Fakharan and Trevisan proposed a conjecture in [Linear Algebra Appl. 632 (2022) 1--14] on the distribution of the Laplacian eigenvalues of graphs: for any connected graph of order $n$ with diameter $d\ge 2$ that is not a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-21 Leyou Xu , Bo Zhou

Dynamic graphs arise in a plethora of practical scenarios such as social networks, communication networks, and financial transaction networks. Given a dynamic graph, it is fundamental and essential to learn a graph representation that is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Menglin Yang , Ziqiao Meng , Irwin King

The eigenvectors for graph $1$-Laplacian possess some sort of localization property: On one hand, any nodal domain of an eigenvector is again an eigenvector with the same eigenvalue; on the other hand, one can pack up an eigenvector for a…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2017-01-04 K. C. Chang , Sihong Shao , Dong Zhang

We consider modified Laplacian matrices of graphs, obtained by adding the identity matrix to the Laplacian matrix $L_G$ of a graph $G$. This results in a positive definite matrix $\tilde{L}_G$. The inverse of $\tilde{L}_G$ is a doubly…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-24 Enide Andrade , Geir Dahl

Deep learning on graphs and in particular, graph convolutional neural networks, have recently attracted significant attention in the machine learning community. Many of such techniques explore the analogy between the graph Laplacian…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-07 Federico Monti , Karl Otness , Michael M. Bronstein

We use two variational techniques to prove upper bounds for sums of the lowest several eigenvalues of matrices associated with finite, simple, combinatorial graphs. These include estimates for the adjacency matrix of a graph and for both…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2013-08-27 Evans M. Harell , Joachim Stubbe

We investigate connections between the symmetries (automorphisms) of a graph and its spectral properties. Whenever a graph has a symmetry, i.e. a nontrivial automorphism $\phi$, it is possible to use $\phi$ to decompose any matrix…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-07 Wayne Barrett , Amanda Francis , Ben Webb

We prove two conjectures in spectral extremal graph theory involving the linear combinations of graph eigenvalues. Let $\lambda_1(G)$ be the largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of a graph $G$, and $\bar{G}$ be the complement of $G$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-09 Lele Liu

We consider the problem of inferring the unobserved edges of a graph from data supported on its nodes. In line with existing approaches, we propose a convex program for recovering a graph Laplacian that is approximately diagonalizable by a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-16 T. Mitchell Roddenberry , Madeline Navarro , Santiago Segarra

In this article, we study random graphs with a given degree sequence $d_1, d_2, \cdots, d_n$ from the configuration model. We show that under mild assumptions of the degree sequence, the spectral distribution of the normalized Laplacian…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-12-04 Shuyi Wang , Kevin Li , Jiaoyang Huang
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