Related papers: About the matrix function X->AX+XA

We propose a notion of iterating functions $f:X^{k}\rightarrow X$ in a way that represents recurrence relations of the form $a_{n+k}=f(a_{n},a_{n+1},...,a_{n+k-1})$. We define a function as $n$-involutory when its $n$th iterate is the…

Let $A = K[x_1, ..., x_n]$ denote the polynomial ring in $n$ variables over a field $K$ with each $\deg x_i = 1$. Let $I$ be a homogeneous ideal of $A$ with $I \ne A$ and $H_{A/I}$ the Hilbert function of the quotient algebra $A / I$. Given…

Let $X \subset \mathbb P(a_0,\ldots,a_n)$ be a quasi-smooth weighted Fano hypersurface of degree $d$ and index $I_X$ such that $a_i |d$ for all $i$, with $a_0 \le \ldots \le a_n$. If $I_X=1$, we show that, under a suitable condition, the…

We characterize in terms of inequalities the possible generalized singular numbers of a product AB of operators A and B having given generalized singular numbers, in an arbitrary finite von Neumann algebra. We also solve the analogous…

The famous Jacobian conjecture asks if a morphism $f:K[x,y]\to K[x,y]$ having an invertible Jacobian is invertible ($K$ is a characteristic zero field). We show that if one of the following three equivalent conditions is satisfied, then $f$…

Let $d >1$ and $(A_n)_{n \ge 1}$ be a sequence of independent identically distributed random matrices with nonnegative entries and no zero column. This induces a Markov chain $M_n = A_n M_{n-1}$ on the cone of d-vectors with nonnegative…

Given any polynomial $p$ in $C[X]$, we show that the set of irreducible matrices satisfying $p(A)=0$ is finite. In the specific case $p(X)=X^2-nX$, we count the number of irreducible matrices in this set and analyze the arising sequences…

Square matrices of the form $\widetilde{\mathbf{A}} =\mathbf{A} + \mathbf{e}D \mathbf{f}^*$ are considered. An explicit expression for the inverse is given, provided $\widetilde{\mathbf{A}}$ and $D$ are invertible with…

Let $A$ and $B$ be non-constant rational functions over $\mathbb{C}$, and let $K \subset \mathbb{P}^1(\mathbb{C})$ be an infinite set. Using height functions, we prove that the inclusion $ A^{-1}(K) \subseteq B^{-1}(K) $ implies the…

In this paper, we study expanding phenomena in the setting of matrix rings. More precisely, we will prove that If $A$ is a set of $M_2(\mathbb{F}_q)$ and $|A|\gg q^{7/2}$, then we have \[|A(A+A)|, ~|A+AA|\gg q^4.\] If $A$ is a set of…

For a finite abstract simplicial complex G with n sets, define the n x n matrix K(x,y) which is the number of subsimplices in the intersection of x and y. We call it the counting matrix of G. Similarly as the connection matrix L which is…

Let $F$ be a field and let $F \langle X \rangle$ be the free unital associative algebra over $F$ freely generated by an infinite countable set $X = \{x_1, x_2, \dots \}$. Define a left-normed commutator $[a_1, a_2, \dots, a_n]$ recursively…

We prove that there exists a countable $\beta$-model in which, for all reals $X$ and $Y$, $X$ is definable from $Y$ if and only $X$ is hyperarithmetical in $Y$. We also obtain some related results and pose some related questions.

Let A= (a_{ij}) be a non-negative integer k x k matrix. A is a homogeneous matrix if a_{ij} + a_{kl}=a_{il} + a_{kj} for any choice of the four indexes. We ask: If A is a homogeneous matrix and if F is a form in C[x_1, \dots x_n] with…

An elementary proof of the two-sidedness of the matrix-inverse is given using only linear independence and the reduced row-echelon form of a matrix. In addition, it is shown that a matrix is invertible if and only if it is row-equivalent to…

Let $r \in \mathbb N$, $\Gamma_r$ be the generalized Kronecker quiver with $r$ arrows $\gamma_1,\ldots,\gamma_r \colon 1 \to 2$ and $\delta \in \Delta_+(\Gamma_r)$ be a positive root of $\Gamma_r$. We say that $\delta$ has the equal kernels…

Let K be an arbitrary (commutative) field with at least three elements, and let n, p and r be positive integers with r<=min(n,p). In a recent work, we have proved that an affine subspace of M_{n,p}(K) containing only matrices of rank…

Let $A$ and $ B$ be $n\times n$ positive definite complex matrices, let $\sigma$ be a matrix mean, and let $f : [0,\infty)\to [0,\infty)$ be a differentiable convex function with $f(0)=0$. We prove that $$f^{\prime}(0)(A \sigma B)\leq…

The main result given in Theorem~1.1 is a condition for a map $X$, defined on the complement of a disk $D$ in R^2 with values in R^2, to be extended to a topological embedding of R^2, not necessarily surjective. The map $X$ is supposed to…

Let $K$ be a field of characteristic $0$, and let $k \geq 2$ be an integer. We prove that every $K$-linear bijection $f \colon K[X] \to K[X]$ strongly preserving the set of $k$-free polynomials (or the set of polynomials with a $k$-fold…