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An old open problem in graph drawing asks for the size of a universal point set, a set of points that can be used as vertices for straight-line drawings of all n-vertex planar graphs. We connect this problem to the theory of permutation…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2015-07-16 Michael J. Bannister , Zhanpeng Cheng , William E. Devanny , David Eppstein

We study fixed point biased involutions that avoid a pattern. For every pattern of length three we obtain limit theorems for the asymptotic distribution of the (appropriately centered and scaled) number of fixed points of a random fixed…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Jungeun Park , Douglas Rizzolo

In this note we study the {\em asymptotic popularity}, that is, the limit probability to find a given consecutive pattern at a random position in a random permutation in the eighteen classes of permutations avoiding at least two length 3…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-05 Nathanaël Hassler , Sergey Kirgizov

A set of permutations is called sign-balanced if the set contains the same number of even permutations as odd permutations. Let $S_n(\sigma_1, \sigma_2, \ldots, \sigma_r)$ be the set of permutations in the symmetric group $S_n$ which avoids…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-02 Junyao Pan , Pengfei Guo

Let $\pi_n$ be a uniformly chosen random permutation on $[n]$. Using an analysis of the probability that two overlapping consecutive $k$-permutations are order isomorphic, we show that the expected number of distinct consecutive patterns in…

A permutation $\sigma\in\mathfrak{S}_n$ is simsun if for all $k$, the subword of $\sigma$ restricted to $\{1,...,k\}$ does not have three consecutive decreasing elements. The permutation $\sigma$ is double simsun if both $\sigma$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-04-23 Wan-Chen Chuang , Sen-Peng Eu , Tung-Shan Fu , Yeh-Jong Pan

We construct a sequence of finite automata that accept subclasses of the class of 4231-avoiding permutations. We thereby show that the Wilf-Stanley limit for the class of 4231-avoiding permutations is bounded below by 9.35. This bound shows…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-05-16 M. H. Albert , M. Elder , A. Rechnitzer , P. Westcott , M. Zabrocki

Babson and Steingr\'{\i}msson introduced generalized permutation patterns that allow the requirement that two adjacent letters in a pattern must be adjacent in the permutation. We consider n-permutations that avoid the generalized pattern…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Sergey Kitaev

We give an improved algorithm for counting the number of $1324$-avoiding permutations, resulting in $14$ further terms of the generating function, which is now known for all patterns of length $\le 50$. We re-analyse the generating function…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-21 Andrew R. Conway , Anthony J. Guttmann , Paul Zinn-Justin

Permutations that avoid given patterns are among the most classical objects in combinatorics and have strong connections to many fields of mathematics, computer science and biology. In this paper we study the scaling limits of a random…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-06-16 Christopher Hoffman , Douglas Rizzolo , Erik Slivken

Let $\pi_n$ be a uniformly chosen random permutation on $[n]$. Using an analysis of the probability that two overlapping consecutive $k$-permutations are order isomorphic, the authors of a recent paper showed that the expected number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-07 Anant Godbole , Hannah Swickheimer

We study pattern avoidance by combinatorial objects other than permutations, namely by ordered partitions of an integer and by permutations of a multiset. In the former case we determine the generating function explicitly, for integer…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Carla D. Savage , Herbert S. Wilf

We study Mallows random permutations conditioned to avoid a given pattern $\alpha$ of length~$3$. When the bias parameter is of the form $e^{\beta/n}$, we prove that these permutations converge to a non-trivial explicit deterministic…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-28 Thomas Budzinski , Victor Dubach , Valentin Féray , Mohamed Slim Kammoun , Mylène Maïda

In this thesis, we introduced and carried out a combinatorial study of permutations that avoid one or two patterns of length 3 according to the statistic number of crossings. For this purpose, we manipulated a bijection of Elizalde and Pak…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-21 Paul Mazoto Rakotomamonjy

Permutations of the positive integers avoiding arithmetic progressions of length $5$ were constructed in (Davis et al, 1977), implying the existence of permutations of the integers avoiding arithmetic progressions of length $7$. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-19 Jesse Geneson

A pattern is encountered in a word if some infix of the word is the image of the pattern under some non-erasing morphism. A pattern $p$ is unavoidable if, over every finite alphabet, every sufficiently long word encounters $p$. A theorem by…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-02-15 Arnaud Carayol , Stefan Göller

Non-crossing and non-nesting permutations are variations of the well-known Stirling permutations. A permutation $\pi$ on $\{1,1,2,2,\ldots, n,n\}$ is called non-crossing if it avoids the crossing patterns $\{1212,2121\}$ and is called…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-12 Kassie Archer , Robert P. Laudone

Permutations are usually enumerated by size, but new results can be found by enumerating them by inversions instead, in which case one must restrict one's attention to indecomposable permutations. In the style of the seminal paper by Simion…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Atli Fannar Franklín , Anders Claesson , Christian Bean , Henning Úlfarsson , Jay Pantone

We say that a word $w$ on a totally ordered alphabet avoids the word $v$ if there are no subsequences in $w$ order-equivalent to $v$. In this paper we suggest a new approach to the enumeration of words on at most $k$ letters avoiding a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Petter Brändén , Toufik Mansour

We extend earlier work of the same author to enumerate alternating permutations avoiding the permutation pattern 2143. We use a generating tree approach to construct a recursive bijection between the set A_{2n}(2143) of alternating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-03-30 Joel Brewster Lewis