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We give a proof of the identity $\zeta(2)=\sum_{n=1}^\infty \frac{1}{n^2}=\frac{\pi^2}6$ using the fundamental theorem of calculus and differentiation under the integral sign.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2021-04-06 Alessio Del Vigna

By using Fubini theorem or Tonelli theorem, we find that the zeta function value at 2 is equal to a special integral. Furthermore, We find that this special integral is two times of another special integral. By using this fact we obtain the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-02-10 Haifeng Xu , Jiuru Zhou

Discretizations of differential equations are often studied through their modified equation. This is a differential equation, usually obtained as a power series, with solutions that exactly interpolate the discretization. By comparing the…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2018-06-18 Mats Vermeeren

Because of its relation to the distribution of prime numbers, the Riemann zeta function {\zeta} (s) is one of the most important functions in mathematics. The zeta function is defined by the following formula for any complex number s with…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2021-02-25 Sourangshu Ghosh

Historically known as the Basel problem, evaluating the Riemann zeta function at two has resulted in numerous proofs, many of which have been generalized to compute the function's values at even positive integers. We apply Parseval's…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-11-13 Asghar Ghorbanpour , Michelle Hatzel

We present here an approach to a computation of $\zeta(2)$ by changing variables in the double integral using hyperbolic trig functions. We also apply this approach to present $\zeta(n)$, when $n>2$, as a definite improper integral of…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2010-11-03 Joseph T. D'Avanzo , Nikolai A. Krylov

In this article, we provide a new elementary proof of the Basel problem.

History and Overview · Mathematics 2025-10-07 Jia Li

We establish a connection between a function and a series representation using a similar technique with that that Euler used to solve the Basel problem. Our result concerns a more general series from which one can obtain $\zeta(2k)$ as a…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-07 Marius Costandin

Using symbolic summation tools in the setting of difference rings, we prove a two-parametric identity that relates rational approximations to $\zeta(4)$.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-04-12 Carsten Schneider , Wadim Zudilin

Using a polylogarithmic identity, we express the values of $\zeta$ at odd integers $2n+1$ as integrals over unit $n-$dimensional hypercubes of simple functions involving products of logarithms. We also prove a useful property of those…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-12-15 Thomas Sauvaget

Using Parseval's identity for the Fourier coefficients of $x^k$, we provide a new proof that $\zeta(2k)=\dfrac{(-1)^{k+1}B_{2k}(2\pi)^{2k}}{2(2k)!}$.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-19 Krishnaswami Alladi , Colin Defant

Let $\Delta(x)$ denote the error term in the classical Dirichlet divisor problem, and let the modified error term in the divisor problem be $\Delta^*(x) = -\Delta(x) + 2\Delta(2x) - \frac{1}{2}\Delta(4x)$. We show that $$…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-06-04 Aleksandar Ivic

We show many consequences of the proof of Basel problem by Boo Rim Choe (1987) to central binomial series, multiple zeta values and some other multiple sums. The main idea is to evaluate integrals involving powers of arcsine function.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-08 Masato Kobayashi

In this shortnote, a series expansion technique introduced recently by Dancs and He for generating Euler-type formulae for odd zeta values $\:\zeta{(2 k +1)}$, $\zeta{(s)}$ being the Riemann zeta function and $k$ a positive integer, is…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2017-07-06 F. M. S. Lima

Based on the framework of the WZ theory, a new evaluation for $\varsigma (2) = \frac{\pi ^2}{6}$ and $\varsigma (4) = \frac{\pi ^4}{90}$ was given respectively, finally, a new recurrence formula for $\varsigma (2k)$ was given.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-08-01 Yijun Chen

In one of his posthumous papers, conserved in G\"ottingen, Riemann considers the derivatives of $\log\zeta(s)$ at the point $1/2$, giving explicit values for them. Around 2010 we shared Riemann's value of the second derivative with some…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-05-28 J. Arias de Reyna

We define the doubling zeta integral for smooth families of representations of classical groups. Following this we prove a rationality result for these zeta integrals and show that they satisfy a functional equation. Moreover, we show that…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-19 Johannes Girsch

We solve an interpolation problem for computing $\zeta(2n)$ in a rather elementary way, by generalizing the main idea in \cite{SE}.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-04-13 Samuel G. Moreno , Esther M. García--Caballero

A new definition for the Riemann zeta function for all positive integer number s > 1 is presented. We discover a most elegant expression and easy method for calculating the Riemann zeta function for small even integer values. Through this…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-01-06 Michael A. Idowu

It is well known that $\zeta(2)=\pi^2/6$ as discovered by Euler. In this paper we present the following two $q$-analogues of this celebrated formula:…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-11-20 Zhi-Wei Sun
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