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Fullerene graphs, i.e., 3-connected planar cubic graphs with pentagonal and hexagonal faces, are conjectured to be Hamiltonian. This is a special case of a conjecture of Barnette and Goodey, stating that 3-connected planar graphs with faces…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-08-18 František Kardoš

A decomposition of a graph is a set of subgraphs whose edges partition those of $G$. The 3-decomposition conjecture posed by Hoffmann-Ostenhof in 2011 states that every connected cubic graph can be decomposed into a spanning tree, a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-08 Oliver Bachtler , Sven O. Krumke

We propose the following conjecture extending Dirac's theorem: if $G$ is a graph with $n\ge 3$ vertices and minimum degree $\delta(G)\ge n/2$, then in every orientation of $G$ there is a Hamilton cycle with at least $\delta(G)$ edges…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-03-13 Lior Gishboliner , Michael Krivelevich , Peleg Michaeli

In 1971, Tutte wrote in an article that "it is tempting to conjecture that every 3-connected bipartite cubic graph is hamiltonian". Motivated by this remark, Horton constructed a counterexample on 96 vertices. In a sequence of articles by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-10-26 Gunnar Brinkmann , Jan Goedgebeur , Brendan D. McKay

The 3-decomposition conjecture is wide open. It asserts that every finite connected cubic graph can be decomposed into a spanning tree, a disjoint union of cycles, and a matching. We show that every such decomposition is derived from a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-22 Oliver Bachtler , Irene Heinrich

Let $t>0$ be a real number and $G$ be a graph. We say $G$ is $t$-tough if for every cutset $S$ of $G$, the ratio of $|S|$ to the number of components of $G-S$ is at least $t$. Determining toughness is an NP-hard problem for arbitrary…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-10 Songling Shan

A geometric graph is a drawing of a graph in the plane where the vertices are drawn as points in general position and the edges as straight-line segments connecting their endpoints. It is plane if it contains no crossing edges. We study…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Marco Ricci , Jonathan Rollin , André Schulz , Alexandra Weinberger

Let $\mathscr{G}$ be the class of plane graphs without triangles normally adjacent to $8^{-}$-cycles, without $4$-cycles normally adjacent to $6^{-}$-cycles, and without normally adjacent $5$-cycles. In this paper, it is shown that every…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-06-13 Fangyao Lu , Mengjiao Rao , Qianqian Wang , Tao Wang

We show that under certain conditions the square of the graph obtained by identifying a vertex in two graphs with hamiltonian square is also hamiltonian. Using this result, we prove necessary and sufficient conditions for hamiltonicity of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-03-22 Jan Ekstein

The {\em bipartite-hole-number} of a graph $G$, denoted as $\widetilde\alpha(G)$, is the minimum number $k$ such that there exist integers $a$ and $b$ with $a + b = k+1$ such that for any two disjoint sets $A, B \subseteq V(G)$, there is an…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Mark Ellingham , Yixuan Huang , Bing Wei

Let $\cal{P}$ be the family of all 2-connected plane triangulations with vertices of degree three or six. Gr\"{u}nbaum and Motzkin proved (in the dual terms) that every graph $P \in \cal{P}$ is factorable into factors $P_0$, $P_1$, $P_2$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-26 Jan Florek

We say that a $k$-uniform hypergraph $C$ is a Hamilton cycle of type $\ell$, for some $1\le \ell \le k$, if there exists a cyclic ordering of the vertices of $C$ such that every edge consists of $k$ consecutive vertices and for every pair…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-03-10 Alan Frieze , Michael Krivelevich

We prove a conjecture of Penrose about the standard random geometric graph process, in which n vertices are placed at random on the unit square and edges are sequentially added in increasing order of lengths taken in the l_p norm. We show…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-07-28 Xavier Pérez-Giménez , Nicholas C. Wormald

Given a family of graphs $G_1,\dots,G_{n}$ on the same vertex set $[n]$, a rainbow Hamilton cycle is a Hamilton cycle on $[n]$ such that each $G_c$ contributes exactly one edge. We prove that if $G_1,\dots,G_{n}$ are independent samples of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-30 Asaf Ferber , Jie Han , Dingjia Mao

A set of geometric graphs is {\em geometric-packable} if it can be asymptotically packed into every sequence of drawings of the complete graph $K_n$. For example, the set of geometric triangles is geometric-packable due to the existence of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-06 Daniel W. Cranston , Jiaxi Nie , Jacques Verstraëte , Alexandra Wesolek

Let $G$ be a bridgeless cubic graph. In 2023, the three authors solved a conjecture (also known as the $S_4$-Conjecture) made by Mazzuoccolo in 2013: there exist two perfect matchings of $G$ such that the complement of their union is a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-14 František Kardoš , Edita Máčajová , Jean Paul Zerafa

It is a well-known fact that hamiltonicity in planar cubic graphs is an NP-complete problem. This implies that the existence of an A-trail in plane eulerian graphs is also an NP-complete problem even if restricted to planar 3-connected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-19 Behrooz Bagheri Gh. , Tomas Feder , Herbert Fleischner , Carlos Subi

The Gyarfas-Sumner conjecture asserts that if H is a tree then every graph with bounded clique number and very large chromatic number contains H as an induced subgraph. This is still open, although it has been proved for a few simple…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-12-06 Maria Chudnovsky , Alex Scott , Paul Seymour

Let $G$ be a graph on $n\geq 3$ vertices. A graph $G$ is almost distance-hereditary if each connected induced subgraph $H$ of $G$ has the property $d_{H}(x,y)\leq d_{G}(x,y)+1$ for any pair of vertices $x,y\in V(H)$. A graph $G$ is called…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-06-13 Bing Chen , Bo Ning

Let $t>0$ be a real number and $G$ be a graph. We say $G$ is $t$-tough if for every cutset $S$ of $G$, the ratio of $|S|$ to the number of components of $G-S$ is at least $t$. The Toughness Conjecture of Chv\'atal, stating that there exists…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-02-15 Lingjuan Shi , Songling Shan