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The automatic analysis of chemical literature has immense potential to accelerate the discovery of new materials and drugs. Much of the critical information in patent documents and scientific articles is contained in figures, depicting the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-29 Lucas Morin , Martin Danelljan , Maria Isabel Agea , Ahmed Nassar , Valery Weber , Ingmar Meijer , Peter Staar , Fisher Yu

We study binomiality of the steady state ideals of chemical reaction networks. Considering rate constants as indeterminates, the concept of unconditional binomiality has been introduced and an algorithm based on linear algebra has been…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Hamid Rahkooy , Cristian Vargas Montero

The near-infinite chemical diversity of natural and artificial macromolecules arises from the vast range of possible component monomers, linkages, and polymers topologies. This enormous variety contributes to the ubiquity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-25 Somesh Mohapatra , Joyce An , Rafael Gómez-Bombarelli

In drug discovery, knowledge of the graph structure of chemical compounds is essential. Many thousands of scientific articles in chemistry and pharmaceutical sciences have investigated chemical compounds, but in cases the details of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-09-16 Martijn Oldenhof , Adam Arany , Yves Moreau , Jaak Simm

Molecular circuits capable of autonomous learning could unlock novel applications in fields such as bioengineering and synthetic biology. To this end, existing chemical implementations of neural computing have mainly relied on emulating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Rajiv Teja Nagipogu , John H. Reif

Recently, a novel two-phase framework named mol-infer for inference of chemical compounds with prescribed abstract structures and desired property values has been proposed. The framework mol-infer is primarily based on using mixed integer…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Jianshen Zhu , Naveed Ahmed Azam , Kazuya Haraguchi , Liang Zhao , Tatsuya Akutsu

Recent data-efficient molecular generation approaches exploit graph grammars to introduce interpretability into the generative models. However, grammar learning therein relies on expert annotation or unreliable heuristics for algorithmic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Michael Sun , Weize Yuan , Gang Liu , Wojciech Matusik , Jie Chen

Polymers are widely-studied materials with diverse properties and applications determined by different molecular structures. It is essential to represent these structures clearly and explore the full space of achievable chemical designs.…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-05-13 Minghao Guo , Wan Shou , Liane Makatura , Timothy Erps , Michael Foshey , Wojciech Matusik

Molecule representation learning (MRL) methods aim to embed molecules into a real vector space. However, existing SMILES-based (Simplified Molecular-Input Line-Entry System) or GNN-based (Graph Neural Networks) MRL methods either take…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-23 Hongwei Wang , Weijiang Li , Xiaomeng Jin , Kyunghyun Cho , Heng Ji , Jiawei Han , Martin D. Burke

Counting the number of isomers of a chemical molecule is one of the formative problems of graph theory. However, recent progress has been slow, and the problem has largely been ignored in modern network science. Here we provide an…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-04-01 Rana Shojaei , Thilo Gross

Designing molecular structures with desired chemical properties is an essential task in drug discovery and material design. However, finding molecules with the optimized desired properties is still a challenging task due to combinatorial…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-02-02 Masatsugu Yamada , Mahito Sugiyama

Retrosynthesis is one of the fundamental problems in organic chemistry. The task is to identify reactants that can be used to synthesize a specified product molecule. Recently, computer-aided retrosynthesis is finding renewed interest from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-07 Hanjun Dai , Chengtao Li , Connor W. Coley , Bo Dai , Le Song

Graph transformation is concerned with the manipulation of graphs by means of rules. Graph grammars have been traditionally studied using techniques from category theory. In previous works, we introduced Matrix Graph Grammars (MGGs) as a…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2009-02-06 Pedro Pablo Perez Velasco , Juan de Lara

The central challenge in automated synthesis planning is to be able to generate and predict outcomes of a diverse set of chemical reactions. In particular, in many cases, the most likely synthesis pathway cannot be applied due to additional…

Deep generative models have been shown powerful in generating novel molecules with desired chemical properties via their representations such as strings, trees or graphs. However, these models are limited in recommending synthetic routes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Dai Hai Nguyen , Koji Tsuda

Recent advancements in computational chemistry have leveraged the power of trans-former-based language models, such as MoLFormer, pre-trained using a vast amount of simplified molecular-input line-entry system (SMILES) sequences, to…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-05 Tianhao Peng , Yuchen Li , Xuhong Li , Jiang Bian , Zeke Xie , Ning Sui , Shahid Mumtaz , Yanwu Xu , Linghe Kong , Haoyi Xiong

Discovering the underlying structures present in large real world graphs is a fundamental scientific problem. In this paper we show that a graph's clique tree can be used to extract a hyperedge replacement grammar. If we store an ordering…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-08-11 Salvador Aguiñaga , Rodrigo Palacios , David Chiang , Tim Weninger

We introduce bonding grammars, a graph grammar formalism developed to model DNA computation by means of graph transformations. It is a modification of fusion grammars introduced by Kreowski, Kuske and Lye in 2017. Bonding is a graph…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Tikhon Pshenitsyn

Analysis of chemical graphs is becoming a major research topic in computational molecular biology due to its potential applications to drug design. One of the major approaches in such a study is inverse quantitative structure…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Tatsuya Akutsu , Hiroshi Nagamochi

There has been a lot of recent interest in mining patterns from graphs. Often, the exact structure of the patterns of interest is not known. This happens, for example, when molecular structures are mined to discover fragments useful as…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Pavel Dmitriev , Carl Lagoze