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Superconducting (SC) tips for scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) can enhance a wide range of surface science studies because they offer exquisite energy resolution, allow the study of Josephson tunneling, or provide spatial contrast based…

Superconductivity · Physics 2023-09-19 Carolina A. Marques , Aleš Cahlík , Berk Zengin , Tohru Kurosawa , Fabian D. Natterer

We report a simple method for the fabrication of Niobium superconducting (SC) tips for scanning tunnelling microscopy which allow atomic resolution. The tips, formed in-situ by the mechanical breaking of a niobium wire, reveal a clear SC…

Superconductivity · Physics 2009-11-10 A. Kohen , Y. Noat , T. Proslier , E. Lacaze , M. Aprili , W. Sacks , D. Roditchev

Scanning Surface Potential Microscopy (SSPM) is one of the most widely used techniques for the characterization of electrical properties at small dimensions. Applicability of SSPM and related electrostatic scanning probe microscopies for…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Sergei V. Kalinin , Marcus Freitag , A. T. Johnson , Dawn A. Bonnell

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a well-known tool for studying surface roughness and to collect depth information about features on the top atomic layer of samples. By combining secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) with focused ion beam…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-10-18 Lex Pillatsch , Szilvia Kalácska , Xavier Maeder , Johann Michler

The platinum/iridium (Pt/Ir) alloy tip for scanning probe microscopy (SPM) was fabricated by amplitude-modulated alternating-current (AC) electropolishing. The clean tips with a radius of curvature less than 100 nm were reproducibly…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-02-18 Yuto Nishiwaki , Toru Utsunomiya , Shu Kurokawa , Takashi Ichii

Multi-tip scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is a powerful method to perform charge transport measurements at the nanoscale. With four STM tips positioned on the surface of a sample, four-point resistance measurements can be performed in…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2022-01-28 A. Leis , V. Cherepanov , B. Voigtländer , F. S. Tautz

Scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) is a powerful technique for imaging surfaces with atomic resolution, providing insight into physical and chemical processes at the level of single atoms and molecules. A regular task of STM image…

We describe the construction and performance of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) capable of taking maps of the tunneling density of states with sub-atomic spatial resolution at dilution refrigerator temperatures and high (14 T)…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2013-10-04 Shashank Misra , Brian B. Zhou , Ilya K. Drozdov , Jungpil Seo , Andras Gyenis , Simon C. J. Kingsley , Howard Jones , Ali Yazdani

Using the tip of a scanning probe microscope as a local electrostatic gate gives access to real space information on electrostatics as well as charge transport at the nanoscale, provided that the tip-induced electrostatic potential is well…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-11-13 A. Iordanescu , S. Toussaint , G. Bachelier , S. Fallahi , C. G. Gardner , M. J. Manfra , B. Hackens , B. Brun

We report on a controlled method to fabricate in-situ a superconducting (SC) nanostructure at the apex of the standard W tip of a Scanning Tunnelling Microscope (STM) by pulsing the tunnelling voltage on a graphene covered metal surface. We…

Atomic resolution imaging is demonstrated using a hybrid scanning tunneling/near-field microwave microscope (microwave-STM). The microwave channels of the microscope correspond to the resonant frequency and quality factor of a coaxial…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2011-08-16 Jonghee Lee , Christian J. Long , Haitao Yang , Xiao-Dong Xiang , Ichiro Takeuchi

To obtain maximal resolution in STM and AFM, the size of the protruding tip orbital has to be minimized. Beryllium as tip material is a promising candidate for enhanced resolution because a beryllium atom has just four electrons, leading to…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-05-14 Thomas Hofmann , Joachim Welker , Franz J. Giessibl

Scattering-type scanning near-field microscopy (s-SNOM) at terahertz (THz) frequencies could become a highly valuable tool for studying a variety of phenomena of both fundamental and applied interest, including mobile carrier excitations or…

An atomic force microscope~(AFM) tip, with a few nm-thick noble metal coating, gives rise to strong electric-field at the near-field of tip apex, i.e. hot spot, when illuminated with a beam of light linearly polarized in the axial…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-12-10 Ramazan Sahin , Mehmet Gunay , Alpan Bek , Mehmet Emre Tasgin

We demonstrate a new focused ion beam sample preparation method for atom probe tomography. The key aspect of the new method is that we use a neon ion beam for the final tip-shaping after conventional annulus milling using gallium ions. This…

We use an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) tip to locally probe the electronic properties of semiconducting carbon nanotube transistors. A gold-coated AFM tip serves as a voltage or current probe in three-probe measurement setup. Using the tip…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Y. Yaish , J. -Y. Park , S. Rosenblatt , V. Sazonova , M. Brink , P. L. McEuen

Recent advances in scanning probe techniques rely on the chemical functionalization of the probe-tip termination by a single molecule. The success of this approach opens the tantalizing prospect of introducing spin sensitivity through the…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 B. Verlhac , N. Bachellier , L. Garnier , M. Ormaza , P. Abufager , R. Robles , M. -L. Bocquet , M. Ternes , N. Lorente , L. Limot

A nanoscopy technique that can characterize light-matter interactions with ever increasing spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is desired for spectroscopy at molecular levels. Photoinduced force microscopy (PiFM) with…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-10-17 Mohsen Rajaei , Mohammad Ali Almajhadi , Jinwei Zeng , H. Kumar Wickramasinghe

This article presents a numerical model dedicated to the simulation of field ion microscopy (FIM). FIM was the first technique to image individual atoms on the surface of a material. By a careful control of the field evaporation of the…

Strontium titanate (STO) possesses promising properties for applications in thermoelectricity, catalysis, fuel cells, and more, but its performance is highly dependent on stoichiometry and impurity levels. While atom probe tomography (APT)…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-01-22 J. E. Rybak , J. Arlt , B. Gault , C. A. Volkert