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A class of graphs admits an adjacency labeling scheme of size $b(n)$, if the vertices in each of its $n$-vertex graphs can be assigned binary strings (called labels) of length $b(n)$ so that the adjacency of two vertices can be determined…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-21 Édouard Bonnet , Julien Duron , John Sylvester , Viktor Zamaraev , Maksim Zhukovskii

An L(2,1)-labelling of a graph $G=(V, E)$ is $\lambda_{2,1}(G)$ a function $f$ from the vertex set V (G) to the set of non-negative integers such that adjacent vertices get numbers at least two apart, and vertices at distance two get…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-07-22 Satyabrata Paul , Madhumangal Pal , Anita Pal

An identifying code is a subset of vertices of a graph such that each vertex is uniquely determined by its neighbourhood within the identifying code. If $\M(G)$ denotes the minimum size of an identifying code of a graph $G$, it was…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2012-09-24 Florent Foucaud , Guillem Perarnau

We prove that approximating the size of stopping and trapping sets in Tanner graphs of linear block codes, and more restrictively, the class of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes, is NP-hard. The ramifications of our findings are that…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-08-03 Andrew McGregor , Olgica Milenkovic

We present an efficient decoding algorithm for constant rate quantum hypergraph-product LDPC codes which provably corrects adversarial errors of weight $\Omega(\sqrt{n})$ for codes of length $n$. The algorithm runs in time linear in the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-29 Anthony Leverrier , Jean-Pierre Tillich , Gilles Zémor

LDPC codes have attracted significant attention because of their superior performance close to the Shannon limit. Elementary trapping sets are the main cause of the error floor phenomenon in LDPC codes. We consider typical graphs related to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Ziyang Zhao , Haoran Xiong , Zicheng Ye , Guiying Yan

We give a new construction of algebraic codes which are efficiently list decodable from a fraction $1-R-\eps$ of adversarial errors where $R$ is the rate of the code, for any desired positive constant $\eps$. The worst-case list size output…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Venkatesan Guruswami , Chaoping Xing

It is proved that the Laurent expansion of the following Gauss hypergeometric functions, 2F1(I1+a*epsilon, I2+b*ep; I3+c*epsilon;z), 2F1(I1+a*epsilon, I2+b*epsilon;I3+1/2+c*epsilon;z), 2F1(I1+1/2+a*epsilon, I2+b*epsilon; I3+c*epsilon;z),…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-10-27 M. Yu. Kalmykov , B. F. L. Ward , S. Yost

We prove a list recovery guarantee for random low-rate linear codes over sufficiently large prime fields. For fixed dimension $d$, error fraction $\alpha$, and accuracy parameter $\varepsilon$, a random $d$-dimensional linear code $C…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Isaac M Hair , Amit Sahai

For a 2-graph $F$, let $H_F^{(r)}$ be the $r$-graph obtained from $F$ by enlarging each edge with a new set of $r-2$ vertices. We show that if $\chi(F)=\ell>r \geq 2$, then $ {\rm ex}(n,H_F^{(r)})= t_r (n,\ell-1)+ \Theta( {\rm…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-02 Yucong Tang , Xin Xu , Guiying Yan

Message passing graph neural networks are widely used for learning on graphs, yet their expressive power is limited by the one-dimensional Weisfeiler-Lehman test and can fail to distinguish structurally different nodes. We provide rigorous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Zimo Yan , Zheng Xie , Chang Liu , Yuan Wang

Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes have been the subject of much interest due to the fact that they can perform near the Shannon limit. In this paper we present a construction of LDPC codes from cubic symmetric graphs. The constructed…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-18 Dean Crnkovic , Sanja Rukavina , Marina Simac

We prove that, for the binary erasure channel (BEC), the polar-coding paradigm gives rise to codes that not only approach the Shannon limit but do so under the best possible scaling of their block length as a~function of the gap to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-10-15 Arman Fazeli , S. Hamed Hassani , Marco Mondelli , Alexander Vardy

In this work, we construct the first locally-correctable codes (LCCs), and locally-testable codes (LTCs) with constant rate, constant relative distance, and sub-polynomial query complexity. Specifically, we show that there exist binary LCCs…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-04-23 Swastik Kopparty , Or Meir , Noga Ron-Zewi , Shubhangi Saraf

Given two $k$-uniform hypergraphs $F$ and $G$, we say that $G$ has an $F$-covering if every vertex in $G$ is contained in a copy of $F$. For $1\le i \le k-1$, let $c_i(n,F)$ be the least integer such that every $n$-vertex $k$-uniform…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-08 Yuxuan Tang , Yue Ma , Xinmin Hou

A locally recoverable code (LRC code) is a code over a finite alphabet such that every symbol in the encoding is a function of a small number of other symbols that form a recovering set. In this paper we derive new finite-length and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-03-10 Itzhak Tamo , Alexander Barg , Alexey Frolov

The hull of a linear code $C$ is the intersection of $C$ with its dual code. We present and analyze the number of linear $q$-ary codes of the same length and dimension but with different dimensions for their hulls. We prove that for given…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Stefka Bouyuklieva , Iliya Bouyukliev , Ferruh Özbudak

A locally recoverable code (LRC code) is a code over a finite alphabet such that every symbol in the encoding is a function of a small number of other symbols that form a recovering set. Bounds on the rate and distance of such codes have…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-02-06 Itzhak Tamo , Alexander Barg

Research on polar codes has been constantly gaining attention over the last decade, by academia and industry alike, thanks to their capacity-achieving error-correction performance and low-complexity decoding algorithms. Recently, they have…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-06-25 Carlo Condo , Valerio Bioglio , Ingmar Land

Due to their capacity approaching performance low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes gained a lot of attention in the last years. The parity-check matrix of the codes can be associated with a bipartite graph, called Tanner graph. To decrease…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Elisa Junghans , Julia Lieb