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We derive the necessary and sufficient conditions for the simple eigenvalues of rational matrix functions with symmetry structure to have the same normwise condition number with respect to arbitrary and structure-preserving perturbations.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-09-26 Ritwik Prabin Kalita , Anshul Prajapati , Punit Sharma

Let A and E be Hermitian self-adjoint matrices, where A is fixed and E a small perturbation. We study how the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of A+E depend on E, with the aim of obtaining first order formulas (and when possible also second…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-08-26 Marcus Carlsson

This paper offers a review of numerical methods for computation of the eigenvalues of Hermitian matrices and the singular values of general and some classes of structured matrices. The focus is on the main principles behind the methods that…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-05 Zlatko Drmač

Matrix functions play an increasingly important role in many areas of scientific computing and engineering disciplines. In such real-world applications, algorithms working in floating-point arithmetic are used for computing matrix functions…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-28 Bahar Arslan , Samuel D. Relton , Marcel Schweitzer

Combined perturbation bounds are presented for eigenvalues and eigenspaces of Hermitian matrices or singular values and singular subspaces of general matrices. The bounds are derived based on the smooth decompositions and elementary…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-16 Xiao Shan Chen , Hongguo Xu

Hermitian and unitary matrices are two representatives of the class of normal matrices whose full eigenvalue decomposition can be stably computed in quadratic computing com plexity. Recently, fast and reliable eigensolvers dealing with low…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-07-26 Gianna M. Del Corso , Federico Poloni , Leonardo Robol , Raf Vandebril

Let $M$ be an arbitrary $n$ by $n$ matrix. We study the condition number a random perturbation $M+N_n$ of $M$, where $N_n$ is a random matrix. It is shown that, under very general conditions on $M$ and $M_n$, the condition number of $M+N_n$…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Terence Tao , Van Vu

The addition of noise has a regularizing effect on Hermitian matrices. This effect is studied here for $H=A+V$, where $A$ is the base matrix and $V$ is sampled from the GOE or the GUE random matrix ensembles. We bound the mean number of…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-09-22 Michael Aizenman , Ron Peled , Jeffrey Schenker , Mira Shamis , Sasha Sodin

We consider eigenvalue condition numbers and backward errors for a class of symmetric nonlinear eigenvalue problems with eigenvector nonlinearities. For both of these quantities, we derive explicit and computable expressions that can be…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-05-21 Vilhelm Peterson Lithell , Victor Janssens , Elias Jarlebring , Karl Meerbergen , Wim Michiels

We discuss the effect of structure-preserving perturbations on complex or real Hamiltonian eigenproblems and characterize the structured worst-case effect perturbations. We derive significant expressions for both the structured condition…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-12-22 Paolo Buttà , Silvia Noschese

We obtain an explicit analytical sufficient condition on $E$ that ensures the monotonicity of the matrix $M+E$, where $M$ is an $M$-matrix.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-08-06 Felix Goldberg

Eigenvalue and eigenvector perturbation theory is a fundamental topic in several disciplines, including numerical linear algebra, quantum physics, and related fields. The central problem is to understand how the eigenvalues and eigenvectors…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-26 Francesco Hrobat , Yuji Nakatsukasa

Analytic perturbation theory for matrices and operators is an immensely useful mathematical technique. Most elementary introductions to this method have their background in the physics literature, and quantum mechanics in particular. In…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2022-04-26 Bassam Bamieh

We provide first order perturbation formulas for the matrix square root (in the positive semi-definite case) and the matrix modulus (in the general case). The results are new for singular matrices, and extend previously known Fr\'{e}chet…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-10-04 Marcus Carlsson

In this text, based on elementary computations, we provide a perturbative expansion of the coordinates of the eigenvectors of a Hermitian matrix of large size perturbed by a random matrix with small operator norm whose entries in the…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-03-19 Florent Benaych-Georges , Nathanaël Enriquez , Alkéos Michaïl

Let $\mathbb{C}^{n\times n}$ be the set of all $n \times n$ complex matrices. For any Hermitian positive semi-definite matrices $A$ and $B$ in $\mathbb{C}^{n\times n}$, their new common upper bound less than $A+B-A:B$ is constructed, where…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-06-20 Wei Luo , Chuanning Song , Qingxiang Xu

A number of random matrix ensembles permitting exact determination of their eigenvalue and eigenvector statistics maintain this property under a rank $1$ perturbation. Considered in this review are the additive rank $1$ perturbation of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-01-24 Peter J. Forrester

For a fixed symmetric matrix A and symmetric perturbation E we develop purely deterministic bounds on how invariant subspaces of A and A+E can differ when measured by a suitable "row-wise" metric rather than via traditional measures of…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-06-22 Anil Damle , Yuekai Sun

We provide a systematic formula, in terms of integer partitions, that generates perturbation theory explicitly at an arbitrary order. Our approach naturally includes an infinite number of perturbations and uses a single matrix equation that…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-03-20 Joseph M. Jones , M. W. Long

We prove quadratic eigenvalue perturbation bounds for generalized Hermitian eigenvalue problems. The bounds are proportional to the square of the norm of the perturbation matrices divided by the gap between the spectrums. Using the results…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2010-09-21 Yuji Nakatsukasa
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