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In the classical Erd\"os-R\'enyi random graph G(n,p) there are n vertices and each of the possible edges is independently present with probability p. The random graph G(n,p) is homogeneous in the sense that all vertices have the same…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-02-10 Mihyun Kang , Angelica Pachón , Pablo M. Rodriguez

Let $G$ be an infinite graph whose vertex set is the set of positive integers, and let $G_n$ be the subgraph of $G$ induced by the vertices $\{1,2, \dots , n \}$. An increasing path of length $k$ in $G$, denoted $I_k$, is a sequence of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-22 Xing Peng , Craig Timmons

Let $G$ be a simple graph with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges. According to Tur\'{a}n's theorem, if $G$ is $K_{r+1}$-free, then $m \leq |E(T(n, r))|,$ where $T(n, r)$ denotes the Tur\'{a}n graph on $n$ vertices with a maximum clique of order…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-14 Rajat Adak , L. Sunil Chandran

Classical questions in extremal graph theory concern the asymptotics of $\operatorname{ex}(G, \mathcal{H})$ where $\mathcal{H}$ is a fixed family of graphs and $G=G_n$ is taken from a `standard' increasing sequence of host graphs $(G_1,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-07 Joseph Briggs , Christopher Cox

Given two graphs $G$ and $H$ with $H\subseteq G$ we consider the anti-Ramsey function $AR(G,H)$ which is the maximum number of colors in any edge-coloring of $G$ so that every copy of $H$ receives the same color on at least one pair of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-19 Elliot Krop , Michelle York

A classic result of Erd\H{o}s, Gy\'arf\'as and Pyber states that for every coloring of the edges of $K_n$ with $r$ colors, there is a cover of its vertex set by at most $f(r) = O(r^2 \log r)$ vertex-disjoint monochromatic cycles. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-18 Dániel Korándi , Frank Mousset , Rajko Nenadov , Nemanja Škorić , Benny Sudakov

We show that there is a constant c>0 so that for any fixed r which is at least 3 a.a.s. an r-regular graph on n vertices contains a complete graph on c n^{1/2} vertices as a minor. This confirms a conjecture of Markstrom. Since any minor of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-03-21 N. Fountoulakis , D. Kühn , D. Osthus

Estimating the probability that the Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi random graph $G(n,m)$ is $H$-free, for a fixed graph $H$, is one of the fundamental problems in random graph theory. If $m$ is such that each edge of $G(n,m)$ belongs to a copy of $H'$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-08-13 Rajko Nenadov

Reiher, R\"odl, Sales, and Schacht initiated the study of relative Tur\'an densities of ordered graphs and showed that it is more subtle and interesting than the unordered case. For an ordered graph $F$, its relative Tur\'an density,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-27 Freddie Illingworth , Arjun Ranganathan , Leo Versteegen , Ella Williams

Generalized Tur\'an problem with given size, denoted as $\mathrm{mex}(m,K_r,F)$, determines the maximum number of $K_r$-copies in an $F$-free graph with $m$ edges. We prove that for $r\ge 3$ and $\alpha\in(\frac 2 r,1]$, any graph $G$ with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-04 Yan Wang , Yue Xu , Jiasheng Zeng , Xiao-Dong Zhang

A classical result of Koml\'os, S\'ark\"ozy and Szemer\'edi states that every $n$-vertex graph with minimum degree at least $(1/2+ o(1))n$ contains every $n$-vertex tree with maximum degree $O(n/\log{n})$ as a subgraph, and the bounds on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-14 Felix Joos , Jaehoon Kim

For any fixed simple graph $H=(V,E)$ and any fixed $u>0$, we establish the leading order of the exponential rate function for the probability that the number of copies of $H$ in the Erd\H{o}s--R\'enyi graph $G(n,p)$ exceeds its expectation…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-04-28 Nicholas A. Cook , Amir Dembo

Consider the random process in which the edges of a graph $G$ are added one by one in a random order. A classical result states that if $G$ is the complete graph $K_{2n}$ or the complete bipartite graph $K_{n,n}$, then typically a perfect…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-11-03 Roman Glebov , Zur Luria , Michael Simkin

Mubayi and Verstraete conjectured that if $T$ is a tree on $t + 1$ vertices, then any $n$-vertex graph $G$ with average degree $d$ contains at least \[ n d(d - 1) \cdots (d - t + 1) \] labeled copies of $T$ as long as $d$ is sufficiently…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-18 Chase Wilson

Bonnet, Kim, Thomass\'{e}, and Watrigant (2020) introduced the twin-width of a graph. We show that the twin-width of an $n$-vertex graph is less than $(n+\sqrt{n\ln n}+\sqrt{n}+2\ln n)/2$, and the twin-width of an $m$-edge graph for a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-05 Jungho Ahn , Kevin Hendrey , Donggyu Kim , Sang-il Oum

Given a graph $H$, the Tur\'an number $ex(n,H)$ is the largest number of edges in an $H$-free graph on $n$ vertices. We make progress on a recent conjecture of Conlon, Janzer, and Lee on the Tur\'an numbers of bipartite graphs, which in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-03 Tao Jiang , Yu Qiu

Let $x_1, \ldots, x_n \in \mathbb{R}^d$ be unit vectors such that among any three there is an orthogonal pair. How large can $n$ be as a function of $d$, and how large can the length of $x_1 + \ldots + x_n$ be? The answers to these two…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-24 Igor Balla , Shoham Letzter , Benny Sudakov

Given a set of graphs $\mathcal{H}$, we say that a graph $G$ is \textit{$\mathcal{H}$-free} if it does not contain any member of $\mathcal{H}$ as a subgraph. Let $\text{ex}(n,\mathcal{H})$ (resp. $\text{ex}_{sp}(n,\mathcal{H})$) denote the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-26 Yifang Hao , Shuchao Li

Spectral graph theory studies how the eigenvalues of a graph relate to the structural properties of a graph. In this paper, we solve three open problems in spectral extremal graph theory which generalize the classical Tur\'{a}n-type…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-10 Yongtao Li , Hong Liu , Shengtong Zhang

A graph is said to be $\mathcal{H}(n, \Delta)$-universal if it contains every graph on $n$ vertices with maximum degree at most $\Delta$. Using a `matching-based' embedding technique introduced by Alon and F\"uredi, Dellamonica, Kohayakawa,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-07-26 Asaf Ferber , Rajko Nenadov