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The Cassini spacecraft provided key measurements during its more than twelve year mission that constrain the absolute age of Saturn's rings. These include the extrinsic micrometeoroid flux at Saturn, the volume fraction of non-icy…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-05-24 Paul R. Estrada , Richard. H. Durisen

Impact crater counts on the Saturnian satellites are a key element for estimating their surface ages and placing constraints on their impactor population. The Cassini mission radar observations allowed crater counts to be made on the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-05-31 N. L. Rossignoli , R. P. Di Sisto , M. G. Parisi

In recent years, nine small near-Earth asteroids were discovered a few hours before the collision with the Earth: these are about one meter in diameter objects that have all disintegrated in the atmosphere, generating bright fireballs…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-22 Albino Carbognani , Marco Fenucci , Raffaele Salerno , Marco Micheli

Planets with masses larger than about 0.1 Earth-masses undergo rapid inward migration (type I migration) in a standard protoplanetary disk. Recent magnetohydrodynamical simulations revealed the presence of magnetically driven disk winds,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-07-18 Masahiro Ogihara , Eiichiro Kokubo , Takeru K. Suzuki , Alessandro Morbidelli

By means of novel volume-diameter aspect ratio diagrams, we ponder on the current conception of crater morphogenesis analyzing crater data from beam explosions, hypervelocity collisions and drop experiments and comparing them with crater…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-02-20 Roberto Bartali , Gustavo M. Rodríguez-Liñán , Yuri Nahmad-Molinari , Damiano Sarocchi , J. C. Ruiz-Suárez

Debris discs consist of belts of bodies ranging in size from dust grains to planetesimals; these belts are visible markers of planetary systems around other stars that can reveal the influence of extrasolar planets through their shape and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-01 Marco A. Muñoz-Gutiérrez , Jonathan P. Marshall , Antonio Peimbert

Subsequent to the Moon's formation, late accretion to the terrestrial planets modified their silicate crusts and mantles. We combine dynamical N-body and Monte Carlo simulations to determine impact probabilities, impact velocities, and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-26 R. Brasser , S. C. Werner , S. J. Mojzsis

(Abridged) We present global disc and local shearing box simulations of planets interacting with a MHD turbulent disc. We examine the torque exerted by the disc on the embedded planets as a function of planet mass, and thus make a first…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Richard P. Nelson , John C. B. Papaloizou

Exoplanetary systems hosting multiple low-mass planets are thought to have experienced dynamical instability, during which planet-planet collisions and mergers occur; these collisions can impart substantial amount of angular momentum to the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-15 Dieran Wang , Jiaru Li , Dong Lai

We calculate the present-day impact flux on Mars and its variation over the Martian year, using the current data on the orbital distribution of known Mars-crossing minor planets. We adapt the {\"O}pik-Wetherill formulation for calculating…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-30 Youngmin JeongAhn , Renu Malhotra

Dynamical models of the asteroid delivery from the main belt suggest that the current impact flux of diameter D>10 km asteroids on the Earth is 0.5-1 per Gyr. Studies of the Near-Earth Asteroid (NEA) population find a much higher flux, with…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-10 D. Nesvorny , F. Roig

This study examines the rotational characteristics of asteroids through statistical modeling of the diameter-period relationship. A statistical evaluation of the diameter-period relationship was conducted using a dataset of 34,326…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-08-26 Maryam Nastaran , Atila Poro , Raziyeh Hosseini , Matin Najarzadeh

The spin-orbit angle, or obliquity, is a powerful observational marker that allows us to access the dynamical history of exoplanetary systems. Here, we have examined the distribution of spin-orbit angles for close-in exoplanets and put it…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-14 M. Attia , V. Bourrier , J. -B. Delisle , P. Eggenberger

We simulate the hypothesised collision between the proto-Earth and a Mars-sized impactor that created the Moon. Amongst the resulting debris disk in some impacts, we find a self-gravitating clump of material. It is roughly the mass of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-09 Sergio Ruiz-Bonilla , Vincent R. Eke , Jacob A. Kegerreis , Richard J. Massey , Luis F. A. Teodoro

We carry out experiments of 104 m/s velocity oblique impacts into a granular medium (sand). Impact craters have nearly round rims even at a grazing angle of about $10^\circ$, however, the strength of seismic pulses excited by the impact is…

We study implications for the apparent alignment of the spin axes, proper-motions, and polarization vectors of the Crab and Vela pulsars. The spin axes are deduced from recent Chandra X-ray Observatory images that reveal jets and nebular…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Dong Lai , David F. Chernoff , James M. Cordes

Most planetary systems -- including our own -- are born within stellar clusters, where interactions with neighboring stars can help shape the system architecture. This paper develops an orbit-averaged formalism to characterize the cluster's…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-05-20 Konstantin Batygin , Fred C. Adams , Yuri K. Batygin , Erik A. Petigura

From the results of a comprehensive asteroid population evolution model, we conclude that the YORP-induced rotational fission hypothesis can be consistent with the observed population statistics of small asteroids in the main belt including…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-10 Seth Andrew Jacobson , Francesco Marzari , Alessandro Rossi , Daniel J. Scheeres

We investigate how the evolution of the stellar spin rate affects, and is affected by, planets in close orbits, via star-planet tidal interactions. To do this, we used a standard equilibrium tidal model to compute the orbital evolution of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Emeline Bolmont , Sean N. Raymond , Jeremy Leconte , Sean P. Matt

We investigate the distribution of encounter velocities and impact angles describing collisions in the habitable zone of the early planetary system. Here we present a catalogue of collision characteristics for a particular mass ratio of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Thomas I. Maindl , Rudolf Dvorak