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A model for the simulation of orientational effects in straight and bent periodic atomic structures is presented. The continuum potential approximation has been adopted.The model allows the manipulation of particle trajectories by means of…

Computational Physics · Physics 2014-10-02 E. Bagli , M. Asai , D. Brandt , A. Dotti , V. Guidi , D. H. Wright

X-ray detectors made of crystalline silicon have several advantages including low dark currents, fast charge collection and high energy resolution. For high-energy x-rays, however, silicon suffers from its low atomic number, which might…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-01-26 Moa Yveborg , Cheng Xu , Erik Fredenberg , Mats Danielsson

Total-body positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has the potential to transform medical care of a number of diseases and augment our knowledge of systems biology. Various detector designs and geometries are currently under development…

Geant4 is an object-oriented toolkit for the simulation of the passage of particles through matter. Its development was initially motivated by the requirements of physics experiments at high energy hadron colliders under construction in the…

Hard X-ray detectors in space are prone to background signals due to the ubiquitous cosmic rays and cosmic diffuse background radiation that continuously bombards the satellites which carry the detectors. In general, the background…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-17 Ritabrata Sarkar , Samir Mandal , Dipak Debnath , Tilak B. Kotoch , Anuj Nandi , A. R. Rao , Sandip K. Chakrabarti

We have designed and implemented an experiment to measure the angular distributions and the energy spectra of the transition radiation X-rays emitted by fast electrons and positrons crossing different radiators. Our experiment was selected…

Light-ion microbeams provide a unique opportunity to irradiate biological samples at the cellular level and to investigate radiobiological effects at low doses of high LET ionising radiation. Since 1998 a single-ion irradiation facility has…

Optical detection of alpha particle emitters in the environment by air radioluminescence is a new technology that enables sensing a radiological threat at safe distances, without putting personnel at risk or contaminating equipment.…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2023-10-24 Claudia Olaru , Mihail-Razvan Ioan , Mastaneh Zadehrafi

Surface simulations are important for accurately modeling particle interactions in experiments where background contributions from surface contaminants can significantly affect detector performance. In rare event searches, such as dark…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2025-11-21 Christoph Grüner

The construction of modern detectors used in high-energy physics experiments is typically guided by modeling with the Geant4 toolkit to evaluate detector performance in terms of geometrical acceptance and detection efficiency. Several…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-01-05 S. D. Savenkov , A. O. Svetlichnyi , I. A. Pshenichnov

We evaluate the performance of an Omnivision OV5647 CMOS image sensor (5 Mp) for detecting radiation from Sr90 and Cs137 sources. Our experimental setup uses a Raspberry Pi 3 mini-computer for data acquisition, with image processing using…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2025-06-18 M. Bonnett Del Alamo , R. Helaconde , C. Soncco , J. Bazo , A. M. Gago

The new simulation for the ATLAS detector at LHC is performed using Geant4 in a complete OO/C++ environment. In this framework the simulation of the various test beams for the different ATLAS subdetectors offers an excellent opportunity to…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrea Dell'Acqua

A research and development (R&D) project related to the extension of the Geant4 toolkit has been recently launched to address fundamental methods in radiation transport simulation. The project focuses on simulation at different scales in…

The Miniaturized Detector for Application in Space (MIDAS) is a compact device with dimensions 5 x 5 x 1 cm3 which combines position sensitive Si detectors and a fast neutrons spectrometer. MIDAS is developed with purpose to act as a linear…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2022-02-22 K. Karafasoulis , C. Papadimitropoulos , C. Potiriadis , C. P. Lambropoulos

The PSI low-energy $\mu$SR spectrometer is an instrument dedicated to muon spin rotation and relaxation measurements. Knowledge of the muon beam parameters such as spatial, kinetic energy and arrival-time distributions at the sample…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-10-19 Kim Siang Khaw , Aldo Antognini , Paolo Crivelli , Klaus Kirch , Elvezio Morenzoni , Zaher Salman , Andreas Suter , Thomas Prokscha

Radiation detection is vital for space, medical imaging, homeland security, and environmental monitoring applications. In the past, the Monte Carlo radiation transport toolkit, Geant4, has been employed to enable the effective development…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2024-10-14 Lysander Miller , Airlie Chapman , Katie Auchettl , Jeremy M. C. Brown

We present an application of automatic differentiation for particle transport through matter using a Geant4-like radiation transport simulation with a full electromagnetic physics model. When differentiating this step-based transport, we…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-11 Jeffrey Krupa , Yiyang Zhao , Mihaly Novak , Max Aehle , Max Sagebaum , Long Chen , Nicolas Gauger , Miaoyuan Liu , Lukas Heinrich , Michael Kagan

Purpose: To compare the accuracy with which different hadronic inelastic physics models across ten Geant4 Monte Carlo simulation toolkit versions can predict positron-emitting fragments produced along the beam path during carbon and oxygen…

The response of Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGADs), which are a type of thin silicon detector with internal gain, to X-rays of energies between 6-70 keV was characterized at the SLAC light source (SSRL). The utilized beamline at SSRL was…

Various Li compounds are commonly used at neutron facilities as neutron absorbers. These compounds provide one of the highest ratios of neutron attenuation to $\gamma$-ray production. Unfortunately, the usage of these compounds can also…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2016-11-03 Valentina Santoro , Douglas D. Di Julio , Phillip M. Bentley