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Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the unsolved problems in computer science. TSP is NP Hard. Till now the best approximation ratio found for symmetric TSP is three by two by Christofides Algorithm more than forty years ago. There…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-04-27 Alok Chauhan , Madhusudan Verma

The Colored Points Traveling Salesman Problem (Colored Points TSP) is introduced in this work as a novel variation of the traditional Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) in which the set of points is partitioned into multiple classes, each of…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Saeed Asaeedi

In this work we focus on the well-known Euclidean Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) and two highly competitive inexact heuristic TSP solvers, EAX and LKH, in the context of per-instance algorithm selection (AS). We evolve instances with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-30 Moritz Seiler , Janina Pohl , Jakob Bossek , Pascal Kerschke , Heike Trautmann

Combinatorial optimization problems are typically NP-hard, and thus very challenging to solve. In this paper, we present the random key cuckoo search (RKCS) algorithm for solving the famous Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP). We used a…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2016-07-18 Aziz Ouaarab , B. Ahiod , Xin-She Yang

For many problems, the important instances from practice possess certain structure that one should reflect in the design of specific algorithms. As data reduction is an important and inextricable part of today's computation, we employ one…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Václav Blažej , Pratibha Choudhary , Dušan Knop , Šimon Schierreich , Ondřej Suchý , Tomáš Valla

In the Euclidean TSP with neighborhoods (TSPN), we are given a collection of $n$ regions (neighborhoods) and we seek a shortest tour that visits each region. In the path variant, we seek a shortest path that visits each region. We present…

Computational Geometry · Computer Science 2012-04-27 Adrian Dumitrescu

This paper aims to develop a learning method for a special class of traveling salesman problems (TSP), namely, the pickup-and-delivery TSP (PDTSP), which finds the shortest tour along a sequence of one-to-one pickup-and-delivery nodes.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Bowen Fang , Xu Chen , Xuan Di

A recently formulated statistical mechanics method is used to study the phase transition occurring in a generalisation of the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) known as the centred TSP. The method shows that the problem has clear signs of a…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 David Lancaster

Most neural solvers for the Traveling Salesperson Problem (TSP) are trained to output a single solution, even though practitioners rarely stop there: at test time, they routinely spend extra compute on sampling or post-hoc search. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Andoni Irazusta Garmendia

The Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP), finding a minimal weighted Hamilton cycle in a graph, is a typical problem in operation research and combinatorial optimization. In this paper, based on some novel properties on Hamilton graphs, we…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2021-04-28 Heping Jiang

In many real-world settings, problem instances that need to be solved are quite similar, and knowledge from previous optimization runs can potentially be utilized. We explore this for the Traveling Salesperson problem with time windows…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Hy Nguyen , Thanh Nguyen Pham , Helen Yuliana Angmalisang , Liam Wigney , Frank Neumann

We investigate semi-streaming algorithms for the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP). Specifically, we focus on a variant known as the $(1,2)$-TSP, where the distances between any two vertices are either one or two. Our primary emphasis is on…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Sharareh Alipour , Ermiya Farokhnejad , Tobias Mömke

Over the past few years, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), also known as drones, have been adopted as part of a new logistic method in the commercial sector called "last-mile delivery". In this novel approach, they are deployed alongside…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-03 Quang Minh Ha , Yves Deville , Quang Dung Pham , Minh Hoàng Hà

We study the generalization capability of Unsupervised Learning in solving the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP). We use a Graph Neural Network (GNN) trained with a surrogate loss function to generate an embedding for each node. We use…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Yimeng Min , Carla P. Gomes

Given a set $P$ of $n$ points with their pairwise distances, the traveling salesman problem (TSP) asks for a shortest tour that visits each point exactly once. A TSP instance is rectilinear when the points lie in the plane and the distance…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-07-24 Hadrien Cambazard , Nicolas Catusse

The Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) is one of the most extensively researched and widely applied combinatorial optimization problems. It is NP-hard even in the symmetric and metric case. Building upon elaborate research, state-of-the-art…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-30 Sabrina C. L. Ammann , Birte Ostermann , Sebastian Stiller , Timo de Wolff

We consider the time-dependent traveling salesman problem (TDTSP), a generalization of the asymmetric traveling salesman problem (ATSP) to incorporate time-dependent cost functions. In our model, the costs of an arc can change arbitrarily…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-05-04 Christoph Hansknecht , Imke Joormann , Sebastian Stiller

The current paper introduces a new parallel computing technique based on ant colony optimization for a dynamic routing problem. In the dynamic traveling salesman problem the distances between cities as travel times are no longer fixed. The…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Camelia-M. Pintea , Gloria Cerasela Crisan , Mihai Manea

Recent works using deep learning to solve the Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP) have focused on learning construction heuristics. Such approaches find TSP solutions of good quality but require additional procedures such as beam search and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-15 Paulo R. de O. da Costa , Jason Rhuggenaath , Yingqian Zhang , Alp Akcay

The many-visits traveling salesperson problem (MV-TSP) asks for an optimal tour of $n$ cities that visits each city $c$ a prescribed number $k_c$ of times. Travel costs may be asymmetric, and visiting a city twice in a row may incur a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-04-22 André Berger , László Kozma , Matthias Mnich , Roland Vincze