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Since the earliest electroencephalography experiments, large scale oscillations have been observed in the mammalian brain. More recently, episodes of oscillation and bursting have been identified not only in the cerebral cortex and…
A variety of behaviors like spatial navigation or bodily motion can be formulated as graph traversal problems through cognitive maps. We present a neural network model which can solve such tasks and is compatible with a broad range of…
The intricate nature of the brain necessitates the application of advanced probing techniques to comprehensively study and understand its working mechanisms. Neurophotonics offers minimally invasive methods to probe the brain using optics…
The primary visual cortex processes a large amount of visual information, however, due to its large receptive fields, when multiple stimuli fall within one receptive field, there are computational problems. To solve this problem, the visual…
Background Analyzing images to accurately estimate the number of different cell types in the brain using automatic methods is a major objective in neuroscience. The automatic and selective detection and segmentation of neurons would be an…
The design of neural hardware is informed by the prominence of differentiated processing and information integration in cognitive systems. The central role of communication leads to the principal assumption of the hardware platform: signals…
High-dimensional neural activity often reside in a low-dimensional subspace, referred to as neural manifolds. Grid cells in the medial entorhinal cortex provide a periodic spatial code that are organized near a toroidal manifold,…
One fascinating aspect of the brain is its ability to process information in a fast and reliable manner. The functional architecture is thought to play a central role in this task, by encoding efficiently complex stimuli and facilitating…
Neural connectomics has begun producing massive amounts of data, necessitating new analysis methods to discover the biological and computational structure. It has long been assumed that discovering neuron types and their relation to…
We present an optimized conductance-based retina microcircuit simulator which transforms light stimuli into a series of graded and spiking action potentials through photo transduction. We use discrete retinal neuron blocks based on a…
Neurons in the primary visual cortex are more or less selective for the orientation of a light bar used for stimulation. A broad distribution of individual grades of orientation selectivity has in fact been reported in all species. A…
Brain activity is intrinsically a neural dynamic process constrained by anatomical space. This leads to significant variations in spatial distribution patterns and correlation patterns of neural activity across variable and heterogeneous…
Classical models describe primary visual cortex (V1) as a filter bank of orientation-selective linear-nonlinear (LN) or energy models, but these models fail to predict neural responses to natural stimuli accurately. Recent work shows that…
The recent discovery of special human neocortical pyramidal neurons that can individually learn the XOR function highlights the significant performance gap between biological and artificial neurons. The output of these pyramidal neurons…
Deep neural networks (DNNs) trained on visual tasks develop feature representations that resemble those in the human visual system. Although DNN-based encoding models can accurately predict brain responses to visual stimuli, they offer…
Vital to primary visual processing, retinal circuitry shows many similar structures across a very broad array of species, both vertebrate and non-vertebrate, especially functional components such as lateral inhibition. This surprisingly…
Recent remarkable progress in wave-front shaping has enabled control of light propagation inside linear media to focus and image through scattering objects. In particular, light propagation in multimode fibers comprises complex intermodal…
Photonic devices exhibiting all-optically reconfigurable polarization dependence with a large dynamic range would be highly attractive for active polarization control. Here, we report that strongly polarization-selective nonlinear…
Coherent control is extended to macroscopic processes under continuous pulsed laser irradiation. Here, this approach is used to analyze the experimentally measured two-photon phase control of currents emanating from a living brain cells…
Mammalian brain is a complex organ that contains billions of neurons. These neurons form various neural circuits that control the perception, cognition, emotion and behavior. Developing in vivo neuronal labeling and imaging techniques is…