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The electron vacuum fluctuations measured by $\cond$ do not vanish in an externally applied electric field $\calE$. For an exactly constant field, that is for vacuum fluctuations in presence of a constant accelerating force, we show that…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-10-23 Lance Labun , Johann Rafelski

The existence of Davies-Unruh temperature in a uniformly accelerated frame shows that quantum fluctuations of the inertial vacuum state appears as thermal fluctuations in the accelerated frame. Hence thermodynamic experiments cannot…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-06-20 Sanved Kolekar , T. Padmanabhan

It is shown that the Unruh effect, i.e. the increase in temperature indicated by a uniformly accelerated thermometer in an inertial vacuum state of a quantum field, cannot be interpreted as the result of an exchange of heat with a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-03-08 Detlev Buchholz , Rainer Verch

A uniformly accelerated system will get thermally excited due to interactions with the vacuum fluctuations of the quantum fields. This is the Unruh effect. Also a system accelerated in a circular orbit will be heated, but in this case…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Jon Magne Leinaas

It has been proved in the context of quantum fields in Minkowski spacetime that the vacuum state is a thermal state according to uniformly accelerated observers -- a seminal result known as the Unruh effect. Recent claims, however, have…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-16 Cesar A. Uliana Lima , Frederico Brito , José A. Hoyos , Daniel A. T. Vanzella

In this paper we analyze the interaction of a uniformly accelerated detector with a quantum field in (3+1)D spacetime, aiming at the issue of how kinematics can render vacuum fluctuations the appearance of thermal radiance in the detector…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Shih-Yuin Lin , B. L. Hu

The study of the Unruh effect naturally raises the interest for a deeper understanding of the analogy between temperature and acceleration. A recurring question is whether an accelerated frame can be distinguished from an inertial thermal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2020-07-01 A. P. C. M. Lima , G. Alencar , R. R. Landim

The Unruh effect -- according to which linearly accelerated observers with proper acceleration a= constant in the (no-particle) vacuum state of inertial observers experience a thermal bath of particles with temperature $T_U = a \hbar / (2…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-04-26 Gabriel Cozzella , Andre G. S. Landulfo , George E. A. Matsas , Daniel A. T. Vanzella

In contrast to recent criticism we undertake to show that the notion of Unruh temperature describes a real thermal property of the vacuum if viewed from an accelerated reference frame. We embed our investigation in a more general analysis…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-11-08 Manfred Requardt

We investigate Brownian motions of a particle coupled to vacuum fluctuations of a quantum field. The Unruh effect predicts that an observer in an accelerated motion sees the Minkowski vacuum as thermally excited. This addresses the problem…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-07-02 Naritaka Oshita , Kazuhiro Yamamoto , Sen Zhang

We wish to draw attention to a novel view of the effect of the quantum fluctuations during the radiation of accelerated particles, particularly those in storage rings. This view is inspired by the remarkable insight of Hawking that the…

Accelerator Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Kirk T. McDonald

We study, in the framework of open systems, the entanglement generation of two independent uniformly accelerated atoms in interaction with the vacuum fluctuations of massless scalar fields subjected to a reflecting plane boundary. We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Jialin Zhang , Hongwei Yu

Whenever an experiment can be described classically, quantum physics must predict the same outcome. Intuitively, there is nothing quantum about an accelerating observer travelling through a vacuum. It is therefore not surprising that many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Sara Kanzi , Daniel Hodgson , Almut Beige

We show under what conditions an accelerated detector (e.g., an atom/ion/molecule) thermalizes while interacting with the vacuum state of a quantum field in a setup where the detector's acceleration alternates sign across multiple optical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-09 Silas Vriend , Daniel Grimmer , Eduardo Martín-Martínez

Through the AdS/CFT correspondence, we study a uniformly accelerated quark in the vacuum of strongly-coupled conformal field theories in various dimensions, and determine the resulting stochastic fluctuations of the quark trajectory. From…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-09-24 Elena Caceres , Mariano Chernicoff , Alberto Guijosa , Juan F. Pedraza

A detector undergoing uniform acceleration $a$ in a vacuum field responds just as though it were immersed in thermal radiation of temperature $T=\hbar a/2\pi k c$. A simple, intuitive derivation of this result is given for the case of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Paul M. Alsing , Peter W. Milonni

The Unruh effect predicts that a uniformly accelerated observer perceives the vacuum seen by an inertial observer as a thermal bath at a temperature proportional to its proper acceleration. This phenomenon is often regarded as a flat…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-23 Yuebing Zhou , Jiawei Hu , Hongwei Yu

We consider a multilevel hydrogen atom in interaction with the quantum electromagnetic field and separately calculate the contributions of the vacuum fluctuation and radiation reaction to the rate of change of the mean atomic energy of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Zhiying Zhu , Hongwei Yu , Shizhuan Lu

Some of the most prominent theoretical predictions of modern times, e.g., the Unruh effect, Hawking radiation, and gravity-assisted particle creation, are supported by the fact that various quantum constructs like particle content and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-12-14 Kinjalk Lochan , Hendrik Ulbricht , Andrea Vinante , Sandeep K. Goyal

We treat an Unruh-DeWitt detector as an open quantum system and evaluate the response of a uniformly accelerated detector: (i) interacting locally with the derivatives of a massless scalar field and (ii) linearly coupled to an…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-09-17 Dimitris Moustos
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