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Recursive max-linear vectors provide models for causal dependence between large values of random variables that are supported on directed acyclic graphs, but the standard assumption that all nodes of such a graph are observed can be…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Mario Krali , Anthony C. Davison , Claudia Klüppelberg

We address the identifiablity and estimation of recursive max-linear structural equation models represented by an edge weighted directed acyclic graph (DAG). Such models are generally unidentifiable and we identify the whole class of DAGs…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-08 Nadine Gissibl , Claudia Klüppelberg , Steffen Lauritzen

The variability of structure in a finite Markov equivalence class of causally sufficient models represented by directed acyclic graphs has been fully characterized. Without causal sufficiency, an infinite semi-Markov equivalence class of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-01 Benoit Desjardins

Ancestral graphs can encode conditional independence relations that arise in directed acyclic graph (DAG) models with latent and selection variables. However, for any ancestral graph, there may be several other graphs to which it is Markov…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2009-08-26 R. Ayesha Ali , Thomas S. Richardson , Peter Spirtes

The use of directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) to represent conditional independence relations among random variables has proved fruitful in a variety of ways. Recursive structural equation models are one kind of DAG model. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-02-21 Peter L. Spirtes

Directed acyclic graphs provide a fundamental tool for representing directed dependence structures in multivariate network data, and are widely used to model financial and economic networks. However, accurate and interpretable estimation…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-05-26 Huihang Liu , Wenhui Li , Xinyu Zhang

The local Markov condition for a DAG to be an independence map of a probability distribution is well known. For DAGs with latent variables, represented as bi-directed edges in the graph, the local Markov property may invoke exponential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-09 Changsung Kang , Jin Tian

Directed Acyclic Graphical (DAG) models efficiently formulate causal relationships in complex systems. Traditional DAGs assume nodes to be scalar variables, characterizing complex systems under a facile and oversimplified form. This paper…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-04-23 Tian Lan , Ziyue Li , Junpeng Lin , Zhishuai Li , Lei Bai , Man Li , Fugee Tsung , Rui Zhao , Chen Zhang

Maximal ancestral graphs (MAGs) are used to encode conditional independence relations in DAG models with hidden variables. Different MAGs may represent the same set of conditional independences and are called Markov equivalent. This paper…

Methodology · Statistics 2012-07-09 Jin Tian

Background: In epidemiology, causal inference and prediction modeling methodologies have been historically distinct. Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs) are used to model a priori causal assumptions and inform variable selection strategies for…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-07-03 Marco Piccininni , Stefan Konigorski , Jessica L Rohmann , Tobias Kurth

Directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) are commonly used to model causal relationships among random variables. In general, learning the DAG structure is both computationally and statistically challenging. Moreover, without additional information,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-03-26 Ali Shojaie , Wenyu Chen

This paper considers the problem of estimating the structure of multiple related directed acyclic graph (DAG) models. Building on recent developments in exact estimation of DAGs using integer linear programming (ILP), we present an ILP…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-11-13 Chris J. Oates , Jim Q. Smith , Sach Mukherjee , James Cussens

Despite several advances in recent years, learning causal structures represented by directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) remains a challenging task in high dimensional settings when the graphs to be learned are not sparse. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-16 Zhuangyan Fang , Shengyu Zhu , Jiji Zhang , Yue Liu , Zhitang Chen , Yangbo He

We define Gaussian graphical models on directed acyclic graphs with coloured vertices and edges, calling them RDAG (restricted directed acyclic graph) models. If two vertices or edges have the same colour, their parameters in the model must…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-30 Visu Makam , Philipp Reichenbach , Anna Seigal

Causal models in statistics are often described using acyclic directed mixed graphs (ADMGs), which contain directed and bidirected edges and no directed cycles. This article surveys various interpretations of ADMGs, discusses their…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-03-28 Qingyuan Zhao

We consider discrete graphical models Markov with respect to a graph $G$ and propose two distributed marginal methods to estimate the maximum likelihood estimate of the canonical parameter of the model. Both methods are based on a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-10-22 Helene Massam , Nanwei Wang

In observational studies, the true causal model is typically unknown and needs to be estimated from available observational and limited experimental data. In such cases, the learned causal model is commonly represented as a partially…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Malte Luttermann , Marcel Wienöbst , Maciej Liśkiewicz

Different directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) may be Markov equivalent in the sense that they entail the same conditional independence relations among the observed variables. Chickering (1995) provided a transformational characterization of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-09 Jiji Zhang , Peter L. Spirtes

We describe computationally efficient methods for learning mixtures in which each component is a directed acyclic graphical model (mixtures of DAGs or MDAGs). We argue that simple search-and-score algorithms are infeasible for a variety of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-05-19 Bo Thiesson , Christopher Meek , David Maxwell Chickering , David Heckerman

In the process of building (structural learning) a probabilistic graphical model from a set of observed data, the directional, cyclic dependencies between the random variables of the model are often found. Existing graphical models such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Oleksii Sirotkin