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Modified gravity theories such as Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND) and Scalar-Tensor-Vector Gravity (STVG) have been proposed as alternatives to dark matter, but decisive tests have been hindered by degeneracies between baryonic structure…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-12 Zheng-long Wang , Yue-Lin Sming Tsai , Lan Zhang , Yin Wu , Haining Li , Xiang-Xiang Xue , Hongsheng Zhao , Yi-Zhong Fan

We show that Scalar-Tensor-Vector Gravity (STVG-MOG) is observationally equivalent to the standard model $\Lambda$CDM cosmological model for all probes that depend on isotropic and linear gravitational dynamics, including galaxy rotation…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-04 John W. Moffat

We study the global stability of a self-gravitating disk in the context of Modified Gravity (MOG) using N-body simulations. This theory is a relativistic scalar-tensor-vector theory of gravity and presented to address the dark matter…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-05-17 Neda Ghafourian , Mahmood Roshan

A modified gravitational theory explains early universe and late time cosmology, galaxy and galaxy cluster dynamics. The modified gravity (MOG) theory extends general relativity (GR) by three extra degrees of freedom: a scalar field $G$,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-10-30 J. W. Moffat

This paper investigates the potential of Machian Gravity (MG), a five-dimensional theory of gravity, to explain the acceleration law governing rotationally bound systems, in particular spiral galaxies. MG was proposed as a framework capable…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-08 Santanu Das

We investigate the cosmological consequences of a scalar-vector-tensor theory of gravity known as MOG. In MOG, in addition to metric tensor, there are two scalar fields $G(x)$ and $\mu(x)$, and one vector field $\phi_{\alpha}(x)$. Using the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-09-13 Sara Jamali , Mahmood Roshan

We find some new exact cosmological solutions for the covariant scalar-tensor-vector gravity theory, the so-called MOdified Gravity (MOG). The exact solution of the vacuum field equations has been derived. Also, for non vacuum cases we have…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-09-30 Mahmood Roshan

The modified gravity (MOG) theory is applied to the gravitational wave binary merger GW190814 to demonstrate that the modified Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation for a neutron star can produce a mass $M=2.6 -2.7 M_\odot$, allowing for the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-08-17 J. W. Moffat

In this article, we have examined the existence of a static spherically symmetric solution in the Scalar Tensor Vector Gravity (STVG) and investigated its horizon distances to develop boundary limitations for our test particle. We have…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-11-04 Devansh Shukla , Abhay Menon A , Kamlesh Pathak

We offer a discussion on the strong field regime predictions of two families of theories that deviate from General Relativity in different aspects: $f(R)$-gravity and Scalar-Tensor-Vector Gravity (STVG). We discuss astrophysical effects in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-06 Daniela Pérez , Gustavo E. Romero

A conformal coupling of the metric in the Jordan frame to the energy-momentum tensor, screens the scalar field gravitational coupling strength $G$ in modified gravity (MOG). The scalar field acquires a mass which depends on the local matter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-10-14 J. W. Moffat

We study the global gravitational stability of a gaseous self-gravitating Maclaurin disk in the absence of a halo. Further, we replace Newtonian gravity with the specific Modified gravity theory known as MOG in the relevant literature. MOG…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-12-14 Mahmood Roshan , Shahram Abbassi , Habib G. Khosroshahi

We investigate whether Scalar-Tensor-Vector Gravity in its weak-field modified gravity form can account for the cluster-scale inverse-square force law inferred from recent kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich measurements of cluster pairwise…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-30 John W. Moffat

We comment on a recent paper by Deng et al. (Phys. Rev. D 79, 044014 (2009), arXiv:0901.3730) in which the Eddington-Robertson parameters for our modified gravity theory (MOG) are derived. We show by explicit calculation that the role of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-01-17 J. W. Moffat , V. T. Toth

Dark matter is the generally accepted paradigm in astrophysics and cosmology as a solution to the higher rate of rotation in galaxies, among many other reasons. But since there are still some problems encountered by the standard dark matter…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-02-24 Hanna A. Sabat , Raed Z. Bani-Abdoh , Marwan S. Mousa

Over the last few decades, astronomers and cosmologists have accumulated vast amounts of data clearly demonstrating that our current theories of fundamental particles and of gravity are inadequate to explain the observed discrepancy between…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-07-22 Constantinos Skordis

We analyze the recently obtained static and spherically symmetric solution of the Spinor Theory of Gravity (STG) which, in the weak field limit, presents an effective Newtonian potential that contains an extra logarithmic behavior. We apply…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-12-20 Mario Novello , Angelo E. S. Hartmann , E. Bittencourt

Modified gravity (MG) theories aim to reproduce the observed acceleration of the Universe by reducing the dark sector while simultaneously recovering General Relativity (GR) within dense environments. Void studies appear to be a suitable…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-11-27 E L D Perico , R Voivodic , M Lima , D F Mota

We review and extend the Gauge Vectors-Tensor gravity: a covariant theory of gravity composed of a metric and gauge fields, leading to simple second order partial differential equations of motion, whose Newtonian and strong limits coincide…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-06-03 Qasem Exirifard

MOG as a modified gravity theory is designed to be replaced with dark matter. In this theory, in addition to the metric tensor, a massive vector is a gravity field where each particle has a charge proportional to the inertial mass and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-22 Sohrab Rahvar