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Early analyses of exoplanet statistics from the Kepler Mission revealed that a model population of multiple-planet systems with low mutual inclinations (${\sim1^{\circ}-2^{\circ}}$) adequately describes the multiple-transiting systems but…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-10-04 Sarah C. Millholland , Matthias Y. He , Eric B. Ford , Darin Ragozzine , Daniel Fabrycky , Joshua N. Winn

We seek to quantify the fidelity with which modern population syntheses reproduce observations in view of their use as predictive tools. We compared synthetic populations from the Generation 3 Bern Model of Planet Formation and Evolution…

We present a statistical analysis of the Kepler M dwarf planet hosts, with a particular focus on the fractional number of systems hosting multiple transiting planets. We manufacture synthetic planetary systems within a range of planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-08 Sarah Ballard , John Asher Johnson

This paper considers whether the population of known transiting exoplanets provides evidence for additional outer planets on inclined orbits, due to the perturbing effect of such planets on the orbits of inner planets. As such, we develop a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-05-31 Matthew J. Read , Mark C. Wyatt , Amaury H. M. J. Triaud

The size of a planet is an observable property directly connected to the physics of its formation and evolution. We used precise radius measurements from the California-Kepler Survey (CKS) to study the size distribution of 2025…

The Kepler mission has discovered a large number of planetary systems. We analyze the implications of the discovered single/multi-exoplanet systems from Kepler's data. As done in previous works, we test a simple model in which the intrinsic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2012-07-24 Amir Weissbein , Elad Steinberg , Re'em Sari

Previous analyses of Doppler and Kepler data have found that Sun-like stars hosting "cold Jupiters" (giant planets with $a\gtrsim 1\,\mathrm{AU}$) almost always host "inner super-Earths" (1-$4\,R_\oplus$, $a\lesssim1\,\mathrm{AU}$). Here,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-08 Kento Masuda , Joshua N. Winn , Hajime Kawahara

In order to study the origin of the architectures of low mass planetary systems, we perform numerical surveys of the evolution of pairs of coplanar planets in the mass range $(1-4)\ \rmn{M}_{\oplus}.$ These evolve for up to $2\times10^7…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-04-21 M. Xiang-Gruess , J. C. B. Papaloizou

The {\it Kepler} mission has detected thousands of planetary systems with 1-7 transiting planets packed within 0.7~au from their host stars. There is an apparent excess of single-transit planet systems that cannot be explained by transit…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-11 Dong Lai , Bonan Pu

We investigate whether any multi-planet systems among Kepler candidates (2011 February release) can harbor additional terrestrial-mass planets or smaller bodies. We apply the "packed planetary systems" hypothesis that suggests all planetary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 Julia Fang , Jean-Luc Margot

To fully leverage the statistical strength of the large number of planets found by projects such as the Kepler survey, the properties of planets and their host stars must be measured as accurately as possible. One key population for planet…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-31 Kendall Sullivan , Adam L. Kraus , Andrew W. Mann

The widespread prevalence of close-in, nearly coplanar super-Earth- and sub-Neptune-sized planets in multiple-planet systems was one of the most surprising results from the Kepler mission. By studying a uniform sample of Kepler "multis"…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-15 Sarah Millholland , Songhu Wang , Gregory Laughlin

One possible diagnostic of planet formation, orbital migration, and tidal evolution is the angle psi between a planet's orbital axis and the spin axis of its parent star. In general, psi cannot be measured, but for transiting planets one…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-11 Daniel C. Fabrycky , Joshua N. Winn

Compared to the commonly used planet occurrence rates, the multiplicity distribution of planets can be more useful in constraining the formation and evolution pathways of planetary systems. This work follows an earlier work of Zhu (2022)…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-21 Jiayin Li , Wei Zhu

By surveying new fields for the shortest-period "big" planets, the Kepler spacecraft could provide the statistics to more clearly measure the occurrence distributions of giant and medium planets. This would allow separate determinations for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2013-09-16 Stuart F. Taylor

The Kepler mission enabled us to look at the intrinsic population of exoplanets within our galaxy. In period-radius space, the distribution of the intrinsic population of planets contains structure that can trace planet formation and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-04-24 Anne Dattilo , Natalie M. Batalha

The radius-period distribution of exoplanets has been characterized by the \textit{Kepler} survey, and the empirical mass-radius relation by the subset of \textit{Kepler} planets with mass measurements. We combine the two in order to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-04 Andrew R. Neil , Leslie A. Rogers

The Kepler Mission has detected dozens of compact planetary systems with more than four transiting planets. This sample provides a collection of close-packed planetary systems with relatively little spread in the inclination angles of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-12-02 Juliette C. Becker , Fred C. Adams

We present an investigation of spin-orbit angles for planetary system candidates reported by Kepler. By combining the rotational period $P_s$ inferred from the flux variation due to starspots and the projected rotational velocity $V\sin…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-05 Teruyuki Hirano , Roberto Sanchis-Ojeda , Yoichi Takeda , Norio Narita , Joshua N. Winn , Atsushi Taruya , Yasushi Suto

NASA's Kepler Mission uncovered a wealth of planetary systems, many with planets on short-period orbits. These short-period systems reside around 50% of Sun-like stars and are similarly prevalent around M dwarfs. Their formation and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-11-23 John Moriarty , Sarah Ballard