Related papers: Solitosynthesis induced phase transitions
We show that the inflaton condensate associated with a global symmetry can fragment into quasi stable Q balls after the end of inflation, provided the inflaton oscillations give rise to an effective equation of state with negative pressure.…
The cosmic abundance of a long-lived charged particle such as a stau is tightly constrained by the catalyzed big bang nucleosynthesis. One of the ways to evade the constraints is to dilute those particles by a huge entropy production. We…
Recently, condensed matter and atomic experiments have reached a length-scale and temperature regime where new quantum collective phenomena emerge. Finding such physics in systems of photons, however, is problematic, as photons typically do…
Q-balls are non-topological solitons in field theories whose stability is typically guaranteed by the existence of a global conserved charge. A classic realization is the Friedberg-Lee-Sirlin (FLS) Q-ball in a two-scalar system where a real…
In theories with low energy supersymmetry breaking, the effective potential for squarks and sleptons has generically nearly flat directions, V(phi) ~ M^4 (log(phi/M))^n. This guarantees the existence of stable non-topological solitons,…
Non-topological solitons, such as Q-balls, may contribute to the cosmological dark matter. The formation and evolution of Q-balls in the early universe requires an understanding of solitons with nonzero angular momentum. We derive (rather…
We propose a novel gravitational wave production mechanism in the context of quasi-conformal Standard Model extensions, which provide a way to dynamically generate the electroweak scale. In these models, the cosmic thermal history is…
First-order phase transitions produce gravitational waves and primordial black holes. They always occur in field theories where symmetries are radiatively broken and masses are correspondingly generated. These theories predict a period of…
In cosmological first-order phase transitions, the progress of true-vacuum bubbles is expected to be significantly retarded by the interaction between the bubble wall and the hot plasma. We examine the evolution and collision of slow-moving…
The physics of individual Q-balls and interactions between multiple Q-balls are well-studied in classical numerical simulations. Interesting properties and phenomena have been discovered, involving stability, forces, collisions and swapping…
For a system at a temperature of absolute zero, all thermal fluctuations are frozen out, while quantum fluctuations prevail. These microscopic quantum fluctuations can induce a macroscopic phase transition in the ground state of a many-body…
Non topological solitons, Q-balls can arise in many particle theories with U(1) global symmetries. As was shown by Cohen et al. \cite{Qballscohen}, if the corresponding scalar field couples to massless fermions, large Q-balls are unstable…
We study the Mott insulator-superfluid transition of ultracold bosonic atoms in a two-dimensional square optical lattice in the presence of a synthetic magnetic field with p/q (p and q being co-prime integers) flux quanta passing through…
We investigate spherically symmetric non topological solitons in electrodynamics with a scalar field self interaction U ~|\psi| taken from the complex signum-Gordon model. We find Q-balls for small absolute values of the total electric…
We consider a scalar field model with a self-interaction potential that possesses a discrete vacuum manifold. We point out that this model allows for both topological as well as non-topological solitons. In (1+1) dimensions both type of…
We consider classical dynamics of two real scalar fields within a model with the potential having a saddle point. The solitons of such model are field configurations that have the form of closed loops in the field space. We study the…
We study $Q$-ball type solitons in arbitrary spatial dimensions in the setting recently described by Kusenko, where the scalar field potential has a flat direction which rises much slower than $\phi^2$. We find that the general formula for…
The $1/N$ expansion of the weak coupling phase of two-dimensional QCD on a sphere is constructed. It is demonstrated that the phase transition from the weak to the strong coupling phase is induced by instantons. A double scaling limit of…
A large body of experimental evidence suggests that the decay of the false vacuum, accompanied by quantum pair creation of soliton domain walls, can occur in a variety of condensed matter systems. Examples include nucleation of charge…
It is an open fundamental question how the classical appearance of our environment arises from the underlying quantum many-body theory. We propose that phenomena involved in the quantum-to-classical transition can be probed in collisions of…