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The history of computer science and brain sciences are intertwined. In his unfinished manuscript "The Computer and the Brain," von Neumann debates whether or not the brain can be thought of as a computing machine and identifies some of the…

Human perception, memory and decision-making are impacted by tens of cognitive biases and heuristics that influence our actions and decisions. Despite the pervasiveness of such biases, they are generally not leveraged by today's Artificial…

The increasing interest in understanding the behavior of the biological neural networks, and the increasing utilization of artificial neural networks in different fields and scales, both require a thorough understanding of how neuromorphic…

Traditional cognitive science rests on a foundation of classical logic and probability theory. This foundation has been seriously challenged by several findings in experimental psychology on human decision making. Meanwhile, the formalism…

The human brain is a complex system that is fascinating scientists since a long time. Its remarkable capabilities include categorization of concepts, retrieval of memories and creative generation of new examples. At the same time, modern…

The reproduction and replication of novel results has become a major issue for a number of scientific disciplines. In computer science and related computational disciplines such as systems biology, the issues closely revolve around the…

The thesis explores the role machine learning methods play in creating intuitive computational models of neural processing. Combined with interpretability techniques, machine learning could replace human modeler and shift the focus of human…

Neuromorphic computing seeks to replicate the remarkable efficiency, flexibility, and adaptability of the human brain in artificial systems. Unlike conventional digital approaches, which suffer from the Von Neumann bottleneck and depend on…

Natural and artificial audition can in principle acquire different solutions to a given problem. The constraints of the task, however, can nudge the cognitive science and engineering of audition to qualitatively converge, suggesting that a…

In this paper the author presents some non-conventional thoughts on the complexity of the Universe and the algorithmic reproducibility of the human brain, essentially sparked off by the notion of algorithmic complexity. We must warn that…

The last decade has seen the parallel emergence in computational neuroscience and machine learning of neural network structures which spread the input signal randomly to a higher dimensional space; perform a nonlinear activation; and then…

Recursive Neural Networks are non-linear adaptive models that are able to learn deep structured information. However, these models have not yet been broadly accepted. This fact is mainly due to its inherent complexity. In particular, not…

The relationship between brains and computers is often taken to be merely metaphorical. However, genuine computational systems can be implemented in virtually any media; thus, one can take seriously the view that brains literally compute.…

Analogical reasoning is an essential aspect of human cognition. In this paper, we summarize key theory about the processes underlying analogical reasoning from the cognitive science literature and relate it to current research in natural…

Scientists often use observational time series data to study complex natural processes, but regression analyses often assume simplistic dynamics. Recent advances in deep learning have yielded startling improvements to the performance of…

The term quantum neural computing indicates a unity in the functioning of the brain. It assumes that the neural structures perform classical processing and that the virtual particles associated with the dynamical states of the structures…

Randomized experiments are a crucial tool for causal inference in many different fields. Rerandomization addresses any covariate imbalance in such experiments by resampling treatment assignments until certain balance criteria are satisfied.…

This document is written with the intention to describe in detail a method and means by which a computer program can reason about the world and in so doing, increase its analogue to a living system. As the literature is rife and it is…

Autonomous systems with cognitive features are on their way into the market. Within complex environments, they promise to implement complex and goal oriented behavior even in a safety related context. This behavior is based on a certain…

This philosophical paper proposes a modified version of the scientific method, in which large databases are used instead of experimental observations as the necessary empirical ingredient. This change in the source of the empirical data…