Related papers: Forensic Identification: Database likelihood ratio…
When a defendant's DNA matches a sample found at a crime scene, how compelling is the match? To answer this question, DNA analysts typically use relative frequencies, random-match probabilities or likelihood ratios. They compute these…
The human immune system depends on a highly diverse collection of antibody-making B cells. B cell receptor sequence diversity is generated by a random recombination process called "rearrangement" forming progenitor B cells, then a Darwinian…
Kinship verification aims to identify the kin relation between two given face images. It is a very challenging problem due to the lack of training data and facial similarity variations between kinship pairs. In this work, we build a novel…
When presenting forensic evidence, such as a DNA match, experts often use the Likelihood ratio (LR) to explain the impact of evidence . The LR measures the probative value of the evidence with respect to a single hypothesis such as 'DNA…
Probabilistic record linkage (PRL) is the process of determining which records in two databases correspond to the same underlying entity in the absence of a unique identifier. Bayesian solutions to this problem provide a powerful mechanism…
This paper discusses a method for implementing a probabilistic inference system based on an extended relational data model. This model provides a unified approach for a variety of applications such as dynamic programming, solving sparse…
Pedigree data contain family history information that is used to analyze hereditary diseases. These clinical data sets may contain duplicate records due to the same family visiting a clinic multiple times or a clinician entering multiple…
Databases are widespread, yet extracting relevant data can be difficult. Without substantial domain knowledge, multivariate search queries often return sparse or uninformative results. This paper introduces an approach for searching…
Mass spectrometry provides a high-throughput approach to identify proteins in biological samples. A key step in the analysis of mass spectrometry data is to identify the peptide sequence that, most probably, gave rise to each observed…
A probabilistic reconstruction of genealogies in a polyploid population (from 2x to 4x) is investigated, by considering genetic data analyzed as the probability of allele presence in a given genotype. Based on the likelihood of all possible…
The detection of similarities between long DNA and protein sequences is studied using concepts of statistical physics. It is shown that mutual similarities can be detected by sequence alignment methods only if their amount exceeds a…
We review the problem of confounding in genetic association studies, which arises principally because of population structure and cryptic relatedness. Many treatments of the problem consider only a simple ``island'' model of population…
One of the unsolved challenges in the field of biometrics and face recognition is Kinship Verification. This problem aims to understand if two people are family-related and how (sisters, brothers, etc.) Solving this problem can give rise to…
Genotyping errors are known to influence the power of both family-based and case-control studies in the genetics of complex disease. Estimating genotyping error rate in a given dataset can be complex, but when family information is…
A simple method, inspired by procedures used in physics of nuclear multifragmentation, allows to establish order of precedence and age of pairs of haplotypes separated by one mutation. For both haplotypes of the pair, searches for existing…
In both criminal cases and civil cases there is an increasing demand for the analysis of DNA mixtures involving relationships. The goal might be, for example, to identify the contributors to a DNA mixture where the donors may be related, or…
Facial Kinship Verification is the task of determining the degree of familial relationship between two facial images. It has recently gained a lot of interest in various applications spanning forensic science, social media, and demographic…
Statistical analysis of DNA mixtures is known to pose computational challenges due to the enormous state space of possible DNA profiles. We propose a Bayesian network representation for genotypes, allowing computations to be performed…
Working with exhaustive search on large dataset is infeasible for several reasons. Recently, developed techniques that made pattern set mining feasible by a general solver with long execution time that supports heuristic search and are…
For families, kinship coefficients are quantifications of the amount of genetic sharing between a pair of individuals. These coefficients are critical for understanding the breeding habits and genetic diversity of diploid populations.…