Related papers: Refined Second Law of Thermodynamics for fast rand…

We develop diffusion models for simulating lattice gauge theories, where stochastic quantization is explicitly incorporated as a physical condition for sampling. We demonstrate the applicability of this novel sampler to U(1) gauge theory in…

For overdamped Langevin systems subjected to weak thermal noise and nonconservative forces, we establish a connection between Freidlin-Wentzell large deviations theory and stochastic thermodynamics. First, we derive a series expansion of…

Ludwig Boltzmann had a hunch that irreversibility exhibited by a macroscopic system arises from the reversible dynamics of its microscopic constituents. He derived a nonlinear integro-differential equation - now called the Boltzmann…

Advanced thermostats for molecular dynamics are proposed on the base of the rigorous Langevin dynamics. Because the latter accounts for the subsystem-bath interactions in details, the bath anisotropy and nonuniformity are described via the…

The two-variable Langevin equations, modeling the Brownian motion of a particle moving in a potential and leading to the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of the corresponding Fokker-Planck equation, are shown to give rise to types of…

Thermodynamics is usually formulated on the presumption that the observer has complete information about the system he/she deals with: no parasitic current, exact evaluation of the forces that drive the system. For example, the acclaimed…

We extend Jarzynski's work relation and the second law of thermodynamics to a heat conducting system which is operated by an external agent. These extensions contain a new non equilibrium contribution expressed as the violation of the…

Second law of thermodynamics imposes that in any thermodynamic process the entropy production must be nonnegative. In continuum physics such a requirement is fulfilled by postulating the constitutive equations which represent the material…

Brownian motion occurs in a variety of fluids, from rare gases to liquids. The Langevin equation, describing friction and agitation forces in statistical balance, is one of the most successful ways to treat the phenomenon. In rare gases, it…

We give meaning to the first and second laws of thermodynamics in case of mesoscopic out-of-equilibrium systems which are driven by diffusion processes. The notion of the entropy production is analyzed. The role of the Helmholtz extremum…

Irreversible processes play a major role in the description and prediction of atmospheric dynamics. In this paper, we present a variational derivation of the evolution equations for a moist atmosphere with rain process and subject to the…

We study the coarse-graining approach to derive a generator for the evolution of an open quantum system over a finite time interval. The approach does not require a secular approximation but nevertheless generally leads to a…

We present a relativistic formalism inspired on the Minkowski four-vectors that also includes conservation laws such as the first law of thermodynamics. It remains close to the relativistic four-vector formalism developed for a single…

In this work we study a modification of the Monge-Kantorovich problem taking into account path dependence and interaction effects between particles. We prove existence of solutions under mild conditions on the data, and after imposing…

In the causal theory of relativistic dissipative fluid dynamics, there are conditions on the equation of state and other thermodynamic properties such as the second-order coefficients of a fluid that need to be satisfied to guarantee that…

Fluctuations arising in nonlinear dissipative systems (diode, transistors, chemical reaction, etc.) subject to an external drive (voltage, chemical potential, etc.) are well known to elude any simple characterization such as the…

It is well known that a random multiplicative process with weak additive noise generates a power-law probability distribution. It has recently been recognized that this process exhibits another type of power law: the moment of the…

The irreversible entropy increase described by the second law of thermodynamics is fundamentally tied to thermalization and the emergence of equilibrium. In the first part of our work (Ref: arXiv.2503.04152), we constructed an isolated gas…

When two resonantly interacting modes are in contact with a thermostat, their statistics is exactly Gaussian and the modes are statistically independent despite strong interaction. Considering noise-driven system, we show that when one mode…

Adaptive Langevin dynamics is a method for sampling the Boltzmann-Gibbs distribution at prescribed temperature in cases where the potential gradient is subject to stochastic perturbation of unknown magnitude. The method replaces the…