Related papers: Tree statistics from Matula numbers
We determine the limit of the expected value and the variance of the protection number of the root in simply generated trees, in P\'olya trees, and in unlabelled non-plane binary trees, when the number of vertices tends to infinity.…
Tree shape statistics quantify some aspect of the shape of a phylogenetic tree. They are commonly used to compare reconstructed trees to evolutionary models and to find evidence of tree reconstruction bias. Historically, to find a useful…
Let $T$ be a tree on $n$ vertices. We can regard the edges of $T$ as transpositions of the vertex set; their product (in any order) is a cyclic permutation. All possible cyclic permutations arise (each exactly once) if and only if the tree…
The arithmetic of the natural numbers can be extended to arithmetic operations on planar binary trees. This gives rise to a non-commutative arithmetic theory. In this exposition, we describe this arithmetree, first defined by Loday, and…
We give exact formulas for the transmission (i.e. the sum of all distances between vertices) of perfect trees and rooted powers of (connected finite) graphs.
A fringe subtree of a rooted tree is a subtree induced by one of the vertices and all its descendants. We consider the problem of estimating the number of distinct fringe subtrees in two types of random trees: simply generated trees and…
We consider the enumeration of plane trees (rooted ordered trees) whose vertices are colored according to a specific coloring rule that prescribes which possible pairs of colors can occur as the colors of a parent vertex and its child. This…
Explaining why and how a tree $t$ structurally differs from another tree $t^\star$ is a question that is encountered throughout computer science, including in understanding tree-structured data such as XML or JSON data. In this article, we…
P\'olya trees are rooted, unlabeled trees on $n$ vertices. This paper gives an efficient, new way to generate P\'olya trees. This allows comparing typical unlabeled and labeled tree statistics and comparing asymptotic theorems with…
A metric phylogenetic tree relating a collection of taxa induces weighted rooted triples and weighted quartets for all subsets of three and four taxa, respectively. New intertaxon distances are defined that can be calculated from these…
Let $T$ be a tree, we show that the null space of the adjacency matrix of $T$ has relevant information about the structure of $T$. We introduce the Null Decomposition of trees, and use it in order to get formulas for independence number and…
A Yule tree is the result of a branching process with constant birth and death rates. Such a process serves as an instructive null model of many empirical systems, for instance, the evolution of species leading to a phylogenetic tree.…
A mutation will affect an individual and some or all of its descendants. In this paper, we investigate ordered trees with a distinguished vertex called the mutator. We describe various mutations in ordered trees, and find the generating…
This study is dedicated to precise distributional analyses of the height of non-plane unlabelled binary trees ("Otter trees"), when trees of a given size are taken with equal likelihood. The height of a rooted tree of size $n$ is proved to…
We study the statistics of edges and vertices in the vicinity of a reference vertex (origin) within random planar quadrangulations and Eulerian triangulations. Exact generating functions are obtained for theses graphs with fixed numbers of…
We study the asymptotic number of certain monotonically labeled increasing trees arising from a generalized evolution process. The main difference between the presented model and the classical model of binary increasing trees is that the…
Rooted phylogenetic networks allow biologists to represent evolutionary relationships between present-day species by revealing ancestral speciation and hybridization events. A convenient and well-studied class of such networks are…
We present some exact expressions for the number of paths of a given length in a perfect $m$-ary tree. We first count the paths in perfect rooted $m$-ary trees and then use the results to determine the number of paths in perfect unrooted…
The magnitude of Pearson correlation between two scalar random variables can be visually judged from the two-dimensional scatter plot of an independent and identically distributed sample drawn from the joint distribution of the two…
Binary trees are fundamental objects in models of evolutionary biology and population genetics. Here, we discuss some of their combinatorial and structural properties as they depend on the tree class considered. Furthermore, the process by…