Related papers: Tree statistics from Matula numbers
Trees or rooted trees have been generously studied in the literature. A forest is a set of trees or rooted trees. Here we give recurrence relations between the number of some kind of rooted forest with $k$ roots and that with $k+1$ roots on…
A characterization is provided for each natural number except one (1) by means of an ordered pair of elements. The first element is a natural number called the type of the natural number characterized, and the second is a natural number…
In SIAM Review 10, page 273, D. W. Matula described a bijection between N and the set of topological rooted trees; the number is called the Matula number of the rooted tree. The Gutman-Ivic-Matula (GIM) function g(n) computes the number of…
Denote by $p_m$ the $m$-th prime number ($p_1=2,~p_2=3,~p_3=5,~ p_4=7,~\ldots$). Let $T$ be a rooted tree with branches $T_1,T_2,\ldots,T_r$. The Matula number $M(T)$ of $T$ is $p_{M(T_1)}\cdot p_{M(T_2)}\cdot \ldots \cdot p_{M(T_r)}$,…
We consider the rooted trees which not have isomorphic representation and introduce a conception of complexity a natural number also. The connection between quantity such trees with $n$ edges and a complexity of natural number $n$ is…
The occurrence and the distribution of patterns of trees associated to natural numbers are investigated. Bounds from above and below are proven for certain natural quantities.
For a pair consisting of a gene tree and a species tree, the ancestral configurations at an internal node of the species tree are the distinct sets of gene lineages that can be present at that node. Ancestral configurations appear in…
To any rooted tree, we associate a sequence of numbers that we call the logarithmic factorials of the tree. This provides a generalization of Bhargava's factorials to a natural combinatorial setting suitable for studying questions around…
Phylogenetic trees are a central tool in understanding evolution. They are typically inferred from sequence data, and capture evolutionary relationships through time. It is essential to be able to compare trees from different data sources…
Place value numbers, such as the binary or decimal numbers can be represented by the end vertices (leaf or pendant vertices) of rooted symmetrical trees. Numbers that consist of at most a fixed number of digits are represented by vertices…
We analyse the statistical properties of genealogical trees in a neutral model of a closed population with sexual reproduction and non-overlapping generations. By reconstructing the genealogy of an individual from the population evolution,…
Let $\mathcal{T}_n$ be the set of trees with $n$ vertices. Suppose that each tree in $\mathcal{T}_n$ is equally likely. We show that the number of different rooted trees of a tree equals $(\mu_r+o(1))n$ for almost every tree of…
We propose a new arithmetic for non-empty rooted unordered trees simply called trees. After discussing tree representation and enumeration, we define the operations of tree addition, multiplication and stretch, prove their properties, and…
We consider an infinite sequence of rooted trees naturally emerging in a number-theoretical context. We advance some ideas on its structure by discussing some elementary properties. Some of those properties are shown to be related to…
Rooted trees with probabilities are used to analyze properties of a variable length code. A bound is derived on the difference between the entropy rates of the code and a memoryless source. The bound is in terms of normalized informational…
The paper attempts to validate the effectiveness of tree classifiers to classify tabla strokes especially the ones which are overlapping in nature. It uses decision tree, ID3 and random forest as classifiers. A custom made data sets of 650…
The protection number of a plane tree is the minimal distance of the root to a leaf; this definition carries over to an arbitrary node in a plane tree by considering the maximal subtree having this node as a root. We study the the…
Rotation distance between rooted binary trees is the minimum number of simple rotations needed to transform one tree into the other. Computing the rotation distance between a pair of rooted trees can be quickly reduced in cases where there…
Rooted, weighted continuum random trees are used to describe limits of sequences of random discrete trees. Formally, they are random quadruples $(\mathcal{T},d,r,p)$, where $(\mathcal{T},d)$ is a tree-like metric space, $r\in\mathcal{T}$ is…
We give closed form expressions for the numbers of multi-rooted plane trees with specified degrees of root vertices. This results in an infinite number of integer sequences some of which are known to have an alternative interpretation. We…