Related papers: Etching suspended superconducting hybrid junctions…
Electron tunneling between superconductors and normal metals has been used for an efficient refrigeration of electrons in the latter. Such cooling is a non-linear effect and usually requires a large voltage. Here we study the electron…
We report a Nb/Al-AlN /Nb superconducting tunnel junction process in which the AlN barrier is formed by plasma nitridation using a compact microwave electron-cyclotron-resonance (ECR) nitrogen plasma source integrated into a standard…
Tunneling field-effect transistors (TFETs) based on 2D materials are promising steep sub-threshold swing (SS) devices due to their tight gate control. There are two major methods to create the tunnel junction in these 2D TFETs: electrical…
This letter presents experiments on junctions fabricated by a new technique that enables the use of high quality aluminum oxide tunnel barriers with normal metal electrodes at low temperatures. Inverse proximity effect is applied to…
We demonstrate that good superconductor/insulator/normal-metal tunnel junctions can be fabricated on as-grown superconducting MgB2 thin films. The as-grown films were prepared by coevaporation at low growth temperatures of around 280deg.…
We report the development of superconducting tantalum nitride (TaN$_{x} $) normal metal-insulator-superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions. For the insulating barrier, we used both AlO$_{x}$ and TaO$_{x}$ (Cu-AlO$_{x}$-Al-TaN$_{x} $ and…
We study theoretically a process of cooling electrons using a superconducting tunnel junction with a $\pi$ phase difference and a usual insulator or a ferroelectric in-between, and an array of such junctions with ferroelectric layers…
At low temperatures, the transport through a superconducting-normal tunnel interface is due to tunneling of electrons in pairs. The probability for this process is shown to depend on the layout of the electrodes near the tunnel junction,…
A standard route for fabrication of nanoscopic tunnel junctions is via electromigration of lithographically prepared gold nanowires. In the lithography process, a thin adhesion layer, typically titanium, is used to promote the adhesion of…
Superconducting qubits are solid state electrical circuits fabricated using techniques borrowed from conventional integrated circuits. They are based on the Josephson tunnel junction, the only non-dissipative, strongly non-linear circuit…
We have successfully fabricated Cu/AlOx-Al/Nb normal-metal/insulator/superconductor tunnel junction devices with a high value of the superconducting gap (up to $\sim 1$ mV), using electron-beam lithography and angle evaporation techniques…
We investigate the current-voltage characteristics of high-transparency superconductor-insulator-normal metal (SIN) junctions with the specific tunnel resistance below 30 kOhm per square micron. The junctions were fabricated from different…
Hybrid normal metal - insulator - superconductor microstructures suitable for studying an interference of electrons were fabricated. The structures consist of a superconducting loop connected to a normal metal electrode through a tunnel…
Nb/Al_2O_3/Ni_{0.6}Cu_{0.4}/Nb based superconductor-insulator-ferromagnet-superconductor (SIFS) Josephson tunnel junctions with a thickness step in the metallic ferromagnetic \Ni_{0.6}\Cu_{0.4} interlayer were fabricated. The step was…
We combine electron beam lithography and masked anodization of epitaxial aluminium to define tunnel junctions via selective oxidation, alleviating the need for wet-etch processing or direct deposition of dielectric materials. Applying this…
The design and operation of an electronic cooler based on a combination of superconducting tunnel junctions is described. The cascade extraction of hot-quasiparticles, which stems from the energy gaps of two different superconductors,…
Thermo-electric transport at the nano-scale is a rapidly developing topic, in particular in superconductor-based hybrid devices. In this review paper, we first discuss the fundamental principles of electronic cooling in mesoscopic…
We have performed a detailed study of the time stability and reproducibility of sub-micron $Al/AlO_{x}/Al$ tunnel junctions, fabricated using standard double angle shadow evaporations. We have found that by aggressively cleaning the…
Reflectionless-tunneling was observed in Nb/GaAs superconductor/semiconductor junctions fabricated through a two-step procedure. First, periodic $\delta$-doped layers were grown by molecular beam epitaxy near the GaAs surface, followed by…
Diodes are key elements for electronics, optics, and detection. The search for a material combination providing the best performances for the required application is continuously ongoing. Here, we present a superconducting spintronic tunnel…