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The fundamental theorem of classical optimal transport establishes strong duality and characterizes optimizers through a complementary slackness condition. Milestones such as Brenier's theorem and the Kantorovich-Rubinstein formula are…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Mathias Beiglböck , Gudmund Pammer , Lorenz Riess , Stefan Schrott

Consider a transitive expanding dynamical system $ \sigma: \Sigma \to \Sigma $, and a H\"older potential $ A $. In ergodic optimization, one is interested in properties of $A$-maximizing probabilities. Assuming ergodicity, it is already…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2009-11-02 Eduardo Garibaldi , Artur O. Lopes , Philippe Thieullen

We provide a unifying interpretation of various optimal transport problems as a minimisation of a linear functional over the set of all Choquet representations of a given pair of probability measures ordered with respect to a certain convex…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-06 Krzysztof J. Ciosmak

Optimal transport (OT) is a popular measure to compare probability distributions. However, OT suffers a few drawbacks such as (i) a high complexity for computation, (ii) indefiniteness which limits its applicability to kernel machines. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-23 Tam Le , Truyen Nguyen , Dinh Phung , Viet Anh Nguyen

The classical problem of optimal transportation can be formulated as a linear optimization problem on a convex domain: among all joint measures with fixed marginals find the optimal one, where optimality is measured against a cost function.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2012-11-29 Jonathan Korman , Robert J. McCann

We investigate the problem of optimal transport in the so-called Kantorovich form, i.e. given two Radon measures on two compact sets, we seek an optimal transport plan which is another Radon measure on the product of the sets that has these…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2019-09-10 Dirk A. Lorenz , Paul Manns , Christian Meyer

In this paper, we study the maximal ergodic operator on $L^p_w(X, \mathcal{B}, \mu)$ spaces, $1 \leq p < \infty$, where $(X, \mathcal{B}, \mu)$ is a probability space equipped with an invertible measure preserving transformation $U$ and $w$…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-03 Sri Sakti Swarup Anupindi , A. Michael Alphonse

We extend a dimensional upper bound on how much an optimal transport map can degenerate for the quadratic transportation cost, originally due to Caffarelli, to cost functions that satisfy the curvature condition of Ma, Trudinger, and Wang.

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2012-11-28 Young-Heon Kim , Jun Kitagawa

Optimal Transport (OT) has established itself as a robust framework for quantifying differences between distributions, with applications that span fields such as machine learning, data science, and computer vision. This paper offers a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Sina Moradi

This article studies problems of optimal transport, by embedding them in a general functional analytic framework of convex optimization. This provides a unified treatment of a large class of related problems in probability theory and allows…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-10-31 Teemu Pennanen , Ari-Pekka Perkkiö

This paper shows that the semi-dual formulation of the optimal transport problem has a degenerate saddle-point structure, and that its numerical solution is equivalent to solving a constrained optimization problem. We derive necessary and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Anton Selitskiy , David Millard

The goal of this paper is to settle the study of non-commutative optimal transport problems with convex regularization, in their static and finite-dimensional formulations. We consider both the balanced and unbalanced problem and show in…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-06-27 Emanuele Caputo , Augusto Gerolin , Nataliia Monina , Lorenzo Portinale

For probability measures $\mu,\nu$ and $\rho$ define the cost functionals \begin{align*} C(\mu,\rho):=\sup_{\pi\in \Pi(\mu,\rho)} \int \langle x,y\rangle\, \pi(dx,dy),\quad C(\nu,\rho):=\sup_{\pi\in \Pi(\nu,\rho)} \int \langle x,y\rangle\,…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-03-09 Johannes Wiesel , Erica Zhang

We study the inverse optimal transport problem of recovering the ground cost from an optimal transport plan. In discrete settings, this problem reduces to inverse linear programming and is intrinsically ill-posed, exhibiting…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-27 Gabriel Peyré , Clarice Poon , Oscar Tron

It is well-known that duality in the Monge-Kantorovich transport problem holds true provided that the cost function $c:X\times Y\to [0,\infty]$ is lower semi-continuous or finitely valued, but it may fail otherwise. We present a suitable…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2010-09-10 Mathias Beiglboeck , Aldo Pratelli

We introduce and investigate properties of a variant of the semi-discrete optimal transport problem. In this problem, one is given an absolutely continuous source measure and cost function, along with a finite set which will be the support…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2019-09-13 Mohit Bansil , Jun Kitagawa

In this paper, we study the optimal transport problem induced by separable cost functions. In this framework, transportation can be expressed as the composition of two lower-dimensional movements. Through this reformulation, we prove that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-18 Gennaro Auricchio

We present generalized versions of Monge's and Kantorovich's optimal transport problems with the probabilities being transported replaced by lower probabilities. We show that, when the lower probabilities are the lower envelopes of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-21 Michele Caprio

Efficient computation of the optimal transport distance between two distributions serves as an algorithm subroutine that empowers various applications. This paper develops a scalable first-order optimization-based method that computes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Gen Li , Yanxi Chen , Yu Huang , Yuejie Chi , H. Vincent Poor , Yuxin Chen

This article connects the theory of extremal doubly stochastic measures to the geometry and topology of optimal transportation. We begin by reviewing an old question (# 111) of Birkhoff in probability and statistics [4], which is to give a…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-04-26 Najma Ahmad , Hwa Kil Kim , Robert J. McCann