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In machine learning, graph embedding algorithms seek low-dimensional representations of the input network data, thereby allowing for downstream tasks on compressed encodings. Recently, within the framework of network renormalization,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-08-29 Riccardo Milocco , Fabian Jansen , Diego Garlaschelli

The defect morphology is an essential aspect of the evolution of crystals' microstructure and its response to stress. Existing methods either only report defect concentration or characterize only some of the defect morphologies. The need…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-04-21 Utkarsh Bhardwaj , Andrea E. Sand , Manoj Warrier

Let $G$ be a group of permutations acting on an $n$-vertex set $V$, and $X$ and $Y$ be two simple graphs on $V$. We say that $X$ and $Y$ are $G$-isomorphic if $Y$ belongs to the orbit of $X$ under the action of $G$. One can naturally…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Bhalchandra D. Thatte

A connected graph is called \emph{geodetic} if there is a unique shortest path between each pair of vertices. We introduce a systematic method for constructing new presentations of free products that give rise to previously unknown geodetic…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-18 Joshua Abraham , Murray Elder , Adam Piggott , Kane Townsend

Graph signals are widely used to describe vertex attributes or features in graph-structured data, with applications spanning the internet, social media, transportation, sensor networks, and biomedicine. Graph signal processing (GSP) has…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-22 Yu Zhang , Linyu Peng , Bing-Zhao Li

Symmetry breaking for graphs and other combinatorial objects is notoriously hard. On the one hand, complete symmetry breaks are exponential in size. On the other hand, current, state-of-the-art, partial symmetry breaks are often considered…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Michael Codish , Mikoláš Janota

A prominent tool in many problems involving metric spaces is a notion of randomized low-diameter decomposition. Loosely speaking, $\beta$-decomposition refers to a probability distribution over partitions of the metric into sets of low…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-09-29 Lior Kamma , Robert Krauthgamer

We study a large family of graph covering problems, whose definitions rely on distances, for graphs of bounded cyclomatic number (that is, the minimum number of edges that need to be removed from the graph to destroy all cycles). These…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Dibyayan Chakraborty , Florent Foucaud , Anni Hakanen

In spite of the plethora of success stories with graph neural networks (GNNs) on modelling graph-structured data, they are notoriously vulnerable to over-squashing, whereby tasks necessitate the mixing of information between distance pairs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 JJ Wilson , Maya Bechler-Speicher , Petar Veličković

Colouring problems arising from group-based constructions provide a natural link between combinatorics and algebra, particularly in the study of Cayley graphs and Latin squares. We introduce the notion of colouring bijections of finite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-25 Piotr Grzeszczuk

In the field of complex networks and graph theory, new results are typically tested on graphs generated by a variety of algorithms such as the Erd\H{o}s-R\'{e}nyi model or the Barab\'{a}si-Albert model. Unfortunately, most graph generating…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-16 Isaac Klickstein , Francesco Sorrentino

Given a pair of graphs with the same number of vertices, the inexact graph matching problem consists in finding a correspondence between the vertices of these graphs that minimizes the total number of induced edge disagreements. We study…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-07-06 Jesús Arroyo , Daniel L. Sussman , Carey E. Priebe , Vince Lyzinski

We present proofs of the basic isopermetric structure theory, obtaining some new simplified proofs. As an application, we obtain simple descriptions for subsets $S$ of an abelian group with $|kS|\le k|S|-k+1$ or $|kS-rS|- (k+r)|S|,$ where…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-11-09 Yahya Ould Hamidoune

Ordered matchings, defined as graphs with linearly ordered vertices, where each vertex is connected to exactly one edge, play a crucial role in the area of ordered graphs and their homomorphisms. Therefore, we consider related problems from…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Michal Čertík , Andreas Emil Feldmann , Jaroslav Nešetřil , Paweł Rzążewski

The presented material is devoted to the equivalent conversion from the vertex graphs to the edge graphs. We suggest that the proved theorems solve the problem of the isomorphism of graphs, the problem of the graph's enumeration with the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2012-10-22 Leonid Malinin , Natalia Malinina

Covering problems belong to the foundation of graph theory. There are several types of covering problems in graph theory such as covering the vertex set by stars (domination problem), covering the vertex set by cliques (clique covering…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-07-30 Paul Manuel

The Fundamental Morphism Theorem is a categorical version of the First Noether Isomorphism Theorem for categories that do not have kernels or cokernels. We consider two categories of graphs. Both categories will admit graphs with multiple…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-31 Tien Chih , Demitri Plessas

Theoretical analyses for graph learning methods often assume a complete observation of the input graph. Such an assumption might not be useful for handling any-size graphs due to the scalability issues in practice. In this work, we develop…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-08 Takanori Maehara , Hoang NT

Blind deconvolution over graphs involves using (observed) output graph signals to obtain both the inputs (sources) as well as the filter that drives (models) the graph diffusion process. This is an ill-posed problem that requires additional…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-19 Victor M. Tenorio , Samuel Rey , Antonio G. Marques

The concept of Reload cost in a graph refers to the cost that occurs while traversing a vertex via two of its incident edges. This cost is uniquely determined by the colors of the two edges. This concept has various applications in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2019-02-07 Julien Baste , Didem Gözüpek , Mordechai Shalom , Dimitrios M. Thilikos