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Newton's law of motion relative to an inertial frame ("the laboratory") for a particle subject to a force acting at a certain time may be interpreted in either of two ways: (1) The force acting on the particle during an infinitesimal time…

Classical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Gonzalo E. Reyes , Antoine Royer

The expressions of momentum and energy of a particle in special relativity are often derived in a quite unconvincing manner in elementary text, by resorting either to electrodynamic or quantum considerations, or via the introduction of the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2016-02-09 Luca Peliti

Under carefully chosen assumptions a single general relativistic scalar field is able to induce MOND-like dynamics in the weak field approximation of the Einstein frame (gauge) and to modify the light cone structure accordingly. This is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-10 Erhard Scholz

The behavior of mass is well known, as described by Newton's Laws of Motion, the Lorentz Contractions, and Einstein's mass - energy equivalence. But just what mass is, how those behaviors come about, what in material reality produces the…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Roger Ellman

For over a century the definitions of mass and derivations of its relation with energy continue to be elaborated, demonstrating that the concept of mass is still not satisfactorily understood. The aim of this study is to show that, starting…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-03-10 Stefano Re Fiorentin

A geometric theory for spacetimes whose world lines associated with physical particles have an upper bound for the proper acceleration is developed. After some fundamental remarks on the requirements that the classical dynamics for point…

General Physics · Physics 2015-12-16 Ricardo Gallego Torromé

Our concept of mass has evolved considerably over the centuries, most notably from Newton to Einstein, and then even more vigorously with the establishment of the standard model and the subsequent discovery of the Higgs boson. Mass is now…

General Physics · Physics 2023-12-14 Fulvio Melia

We present an approach to the origin of inertia involving the electromagnetic component of the quantum vacuum and propose this as an alternative to Mach's principle. Preliminary analysis of the momentum flux of the classical zero-point…

General Physics · Physics 2014-11-18 Alfonso Rueda , Bernhard Haisch

A new approach to relativistic mechanics is proposed, suitable to describe dynamics of different kinds of relativistic particles. Mathematically it is based on an application of the recent geometric theory of nonholonomic systems on fibred…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-04-21 Olga Krupkova , Jana Musilova

Dynamic equations of non-relativistic mechanics are written in covariant-coordinate form in terms of relative velocities and accelerations with respect to an arbitrary reference frame. The notions of the non-relativistic reference frame,…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-08-23 G. Sardanashvily

Relativity and classical dynamics, as defined so far, form distinct parts of classical physics and are formulated based on independent principles. We propose that the formalism of classical dynamics can be considered as the theoretical…

General Physics · Physics 2018-08-10 Mozafar Karamian , Mahdi Atiq , Fatemeh Najdat , Mehdi Golshani

The equivalence of mass and energy is indelibly linked with relativity, both by scientists and in the popular mind. I prove that E = mc^2 by demanding momentum conservation of an object that emits two equal electromagnetic wave packets in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrew Gould

A simple general relativity theory for objects moving in gravitational fields is developed based on studying the behavior of an atom in a gravitational field. The theory is applied to calculate the satellite time dilation, light deflection…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Yehea I. Ismail

Electromagnetic fields of an accelerated charge are derived from the first principles using Coulomb's law and the relativistic transformations. The electric and magnetic fields are derived first for an instantaneous rest frame of the…

Classical Physics · Physics 2013-06-11 Ashok K. Singal

We propose a simple relativistic derivation of the electric and the magnetic fields generated by an electric point charge moving with constant velocity. Our approach is based on the radar detection of the point space coordinates where the…

General Physics · Physics 2008-12-02 Bernhard Rothenstein , Stefan Popescu , George J. Spix

We summarize a recent work on the title subject, skipping the detailed calculations but introducing the basic points with enough detail. The theory considered is formulated in a preferred reference frame in a four-dimensional spacetime…

General Physics · Physics 2017-10-18 Mayeul Arminjon

We give a new representation as tempered distribution for the energy-momentum tensor of a system of charged point-particles, which is free from divergent self-interactions, manifestly Lorentz-invariant and symmetric, and conserved. We…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 K. Lechner , P. A. Marchetti

In previous work it has been shown that the electromagnetic quantum vacuum, or electromagnetic zero-point field, makes a contribution to the inertial reaction force on an accelerated object. We show that the result for inertial mass can be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-11 Alfonso Rueda , Bernard Haisch

Relativistic kinetic theory is applied to the study of the balance equations for relativistic multicomponent mixtures, comparing the approaches corresponding to Eckart's and Landau-Lifshitz's frames. It is shown that the concept of particle…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-07-18 A. R. Sagaceta-Mejía , A. Sandoval-Villalbazo , J. H. Mondragón-Suárez

The famous equation $E=mc^2$ is a version of particle mass being essentially the magnitude of the (energy-)momentum four-vector in the setting of `relativistic' dynamics, which can be seen as dictated by the Poincar\'e symmetry adopted as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-31 Otto C. W. Kong , Hock King Ting