English
Related papers

Related papers: Gauge Invariant Two-Photon-Exchange Contributions …

200 papers

We compute two-photon exchange corrections to the electromagnetic form factor of the pion, taking into account the finite size of the pion. Compared to the soft-photon approximation for the infrared divergent contribution which neglects…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2010-02-02 P. G. Blunden , W. Melnitchouk , J. A. Tjon

Motivated by experimental data at large momentum transfer we update the analysis of the two-photon exchange effect in the electron-nucleon scattering using the effective field theory formalism. Our approach is suitable for describing the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2024-12-13 Nikolay Kivel

The leading non-Coulombic electromagnetic contributions to pi pi s-wave scattering lengths are computed in Chiral Perturbation Theory. It is shown that these corrections are zeroth order in the chiral expansion and associated with…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 K. Maltman , C. E. Wolfe

A Regge approach to the reaction processes $\gamma p\to\pi^-\Delta^{++}$ and $\gamma p\to\pi^+\Delta^0$ is presented for the description of existing data up to $E_\gamma= 16$ GeV. The model consists of the $t$-channel…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-07-20 Byung-Geel Yu , Kook-Jin Kong

The amplitude for the anomalous transitions gamma pi(+) -> pi(0) pi(+) is analyzed within Chiral Perturbation Theory including electromagnetic interactions. The presence of a t-channel one-photon exchange contribution induces sizeable e^2…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 Ll. Ametller , M. Knecht , P. Talavera

We present an exact analytical evaluation of the two-photon exchange (TPE) correction to the elastic lepton-proton differential scattering cross section at low-energies within the framework of heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory. Our…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-22 Rakshanda Goswami , Pulak Talukdar , Bhoomika Das , Udit Raha , Fred Myhrer

A covariant, unitary and gauge invariant theory for pion photoproduction on a single nucleon is presented. To achieve gauge invariance at the operator level one needs to include both the $\pi N$ and $\gamma\pi N$ thresholds. The final…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 C. H. M. van Antwerpen , I. R. Afnan

We evaluate the two-photon exchange correction to the elastic electron-proton scattering cross section within a dispersive framework. Besides the elastic contribution, we account for all $\pi N$ intermediate state contributions using the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-11-15 O. Tomalak , B. Pasquini , M. Vanderhaeghen

Gauge invariance, a core principle in electrodynamics, has two separate meanings. One concept treats the photon as the gauge particle for electrodynamics. It is based on symmetries of the Lagrangian, and requires no mention of electric or…

General Physics · Physics 2022-02-08 H. R. Reiss

It is demonstrated that two-photon exchange (TPE) corrections to the cross-section of unpolarized semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (SIDIS) generate azimuthal-dependent terms and the corresponding $\braket{{\cos{(n\phi)}}}$ moments.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-25 Stinson Lee , Andrei Afanasev

Considering single-meson photo- and electroproduction off a baryon, it is shown how to restore local gauge invariance that was broken by replacing standard Feynman-type meson exchange in the t-channel by exchange of a Regge trajectory. This…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-11-16 Helmut Haberzettl , Xiao-Yun Wang , Jun He

We present new precision measurements of the elastic electron-proton scattering cross section for momentum transfer (Q$^2$) up to 15.75~\gevsq. Combined with existing data, these provide an improved extraction of the proton magnetic form…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2022-03-24 M. E. Christy , T. Gautam , L. Ou , B. Schmookler , Y. Wang , D. Adikaram , Z. Ahmed , H. Albataineh , S. F. Ali , B. Aljawrneh , K. Allada , S. L. Allison , S. Alsalmi , D. Androic , K. Aniol , J. Annand , J. Arrington , H. Atac , T. Averett , C. Ayerbe Gayoso , X. Bai , J. Bane , S. Barcus , K. Bartlett , V. Bellini , R. Beminiwattha , J. Bericic , H. Bhatt , D. Bhetuwal , D. Biswas , E. Brash , D. Bulumulla , C. M. Camacho , J. Campbell , A. Camsonne , M. Carmignotto , J. Castellanos , C. Chen , J-P. Chen , T. Chetry , E. Cisbani , B. Clary , E. Cohen , N. Compton , J. C. Cornejo , S. Covrig Dusa , B. Crowe , S. Danagoulian , T. Danley , W. Deconinck , M. Defurne , C. Desnault , D. Di , M. Dlamini , M. Duer , B. Duran , R. Ent , C. Fanelli , E. Fuchey , C. Gal , D. Gaskell , F. Georges , S. Gilad , O. Glamazdin , K. Gnanvo , A. V. Gramolin , V. M. Gray , C. Gu , A. Habarakada , T. Hague , G. Hamad , D. Hamilton , K. Hamilton , O. Hansen , F. Hauenstein , A. V. Hernandez , W. Henry , D. W. Higinbotham , T. Holmstrom , T. Horn , Y. Huang , G. M. Huber , C. Hyde , H. Ibrahim , N. Israel , C-M. Jen , K. Jin , M. Jones , A. Kabir , B. Karki , C. Keppel , V. Khachatryan , P. M. King , S. Li , W. Li , H. Liu , J. Liu , A. H. Liyanage , D. Mack , J. Magee , S. Malace , J. Mammei , P. Markowitz , S. Mayilyan , E. McClellan , F. Meddi , D. Meekins , K. Mesick , R. Michaels , A. Mkrtchyan , B. Moffit , R. Montgomery , L. S. Myers , P. Nadel-Turonski , S. J. Nazeer , V. Nelyubin , D. Nguyen , N. Nuruzzaman , M. Nycz , R. F. Obrecht , K. Ohanyan , C. Palatchi , B. Pandey , K. Park , S. Park , C. Peng , F. D. Persio , R. Pomatsalyuk , E. Pooser , A. J. R. Puckett , V. Punjabi , B. Quinn , S. Rahman , M. N. H. Rashad , S. Riordan , J. Roche , I. Sapkota , A. Sarty , B. Sawatzky , N. H. Saylor , M. H. Shabestari , A. Shahinyan , S. Sirca , G. R. Smith , S. Sooriyaarachchilage , N. Sparveris , R. Spies , A. Stefanko , T. Su , A. Subedi , V. Sulkosky , A. Sun , Y. Tan , L. Thorne , N. Ton , F. Tortorici , R. Trotta , R. Uniyal , G. M. Urciuoli , E. Voutier , B. Waidyawansa , B. Wojtsekhowski , S. Wood , X. Yan , L. Ye , Z. H. Ye , C. Yero , J. Zhang , Y. X. Zhao , P. Zhu

In a gauge invariant formulation of the molecular electric dipole-photon interaction, the rigorous coupling is strictly linear in the photon creation and photon annihilation operators. The linear coupling allows for a super-radiant phase…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. Somu , A. Widom , Y. N. Srivastava

We calculate two-photon exchange amplitude for the elastic electron-pion scattering in the dispersion-relation inspired approach, including both elastic and inelastic contributions. The latter was modelled as a sum of \rho and b_1(1235)…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-03-17 Dmitry Borisyuk , Alexander Kobushkin

[Background] The electromagnetic form factors of the proton measured by unpolarized and polarized electron scattering experiments show a significant disagreement that grows with the squared four momentum transfer ($Q^{2}$). Calculations…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2017-06-20 D. Rimal , D. Adikaram , B. A. Raue , L. B. Weinstein , J. Arrington , W. K. Brooks , M. Ungaro , K. P. Adhikari , Z. Akbar , S. Anefalos Pereira , R. A. Badui , J. Ball , N. A. Baltzell , M. Battaglieri , V. Batourine , I. Bedlinskiy , R. P. Bennett , A. S. Biselli , S. Boiarinov , W. J. Briscoe , S. Bültmann , D. S. Carman , A. Celentano , T. Chetry , G. Ciullo , L. Clark , L. Colaneri , P. L. Cole , N. Compton , M. Contalbrigo , O. Cortes , V. Crede , A. D'Angelo , N. Dashyan , R. De Vita , A. Deur , C. Djalali , R. Dupre , H. Egiyan , A. El Alaoui , L. El Fassi , P. Eugenio , G. Fedotov , R. Fersch , A. Filippi , J. A. Fleming , T. A. Forest , A. Fradi , N. Gevorgyan , Y. Ghandilyan , G. P. Gilfoyle , K. L. Giovanetti , F. X. Girod , C. Gleason , W. Gohn , E. Golovatch , R. W. Gothe , K. A. Griffioen , L. Guo , K. Hafidi , C. Hanretty , N. Harrison , M. Hattawy , D. Heddle , K. Hicks , M. Holtrop , S. M. Hughes , Y. Ilieva , D. G. Ireland , B. S. Ishkhanov , E. L. Isupov , D. Jenkins , H. Jiang , S. Joosten , D. Keller , P. Khetarpal , G. Khachatryan , M. Khandaker , W. Kim , A. Klein , F. J. Klein , V. Kubarovsky , S. E. Kuhn , S. V. Kuleshov , L. Lanza , P. Lenisa , K. Livingston , H. Y. Lu , I . J . D. MacGregor , N. Markov , B. McKinnon , M. D. Mestayer , M. Mirazita , V. Mokeev , A Movsisyan , E. Munevar , C. Munoz Camacho , P. Nadel-Turonski , A. Ni , S. Niccolai , G. Niculescu , I. Niculescu , M. Osipenko , A. I. Ostrovidov , M. Paolone , R. Paremuzyan , K. Park , E. Pasyuk , W. Phelps , S. Pisano , O. Pogorelko , J. W. Price , Y. Prok , D. Protopopescu , A. J. R. Puckett , A. Rizzo , G. Rosner , P. Rossi , P. Roy , F. Sabatié , C. Salgado , R. A. Schumacher , E. Seder , Y. G. Sharabian , Iu. Skorodumina , G. D. Smith , D. Sokhan , N. Sparveris , Ivana Stankovic , S. Stepanyan , S. Strauch , V. Sytnik , M. Taiuti , B. Torayev , H. Voskanyan , E. Voutier , N. K. Walford , D. P. Watts , X. Wei , M. H. Wood , N. Zachariou , L. Zana , J. Zhang , Z. W. Zhao , I. Zonta

We investigate the two-photon corrections to the process $p\bar{p} \to e^+e^-$ at large momentum transfer, aimed to access the time-like nucleon form factors. We estimate the two-photon corrections using a hard rescattering mechanism, which…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2015-03-18 Julia Guttmann , Nikolai Kivel , Marc Vanderhaeghen

A gauge-invariant formalism is presented for the practical treatment of photo- and electroproduction of pseudoscalar mesons off nucleons that allows an explicit incorporation of hadronic final-state interactions. The semi-phenomenological…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 H. Haberzettl , K. Nakayama , S. Krewald

We present the dispersion relation approach based on unitarity and analyticity to evaluate the two-photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-proton scattering. The leading elastic and first inelastic $\pi N$ intermediate state…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-07-04 Oleksandr Tomalak

The problem of maintaining gauge invariance in the 2PI formulation of QED is discussed. A modified form of the 2PI effective action is suggested in which Ward identities for external (background field) and internal (quantum field) gauge…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-08-23 Emil Mottola

In this work, I improve on and extend to low and high $Q^2$ values the extractions of the $\varepsilon$ dependence of the real parts of the two-photon exchange (TPE) amplitudes relative to the magnetic form factor, as well as the ratio…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-05-25 I. A. Qattan