Related papers: Counterflow in Evacuations
When a large group of pedestrians moves around a corner, most pedestrians do not follow the shortest path, which is to stay as close as possible to the inner wall, but try to minimize the travel time. For this they accept to move on a…
Instances of casualties resulting from large crowds persist, highlighting the existing limitations of current crowd management practices in Smart Cities. One notable drawback is the insufficient provision for disadvantaged individuals who…
Panic may spread over a crowd in a similar fashion as contagious diseases do in social groups. People no exposed to a panic source may express fear, alerting others of imminent danger. This social mechanism initiates an evacuation process,…
In this paper we introduce modified version of one-dimensional outflow dynamics (known as a Sznajd model) which simplifies the analytical treatment. We show that simulations results of the original and modified rules are exactly the same…
We study the first-passage properties of a random walk in the unit interval in which the length of a single step is uniformly distributed over the finite range [-a,a]. For a of the order of one, the exit probabilities to each edge of the…
In this paper escape rates and local escape rates for special flows are sudied. In a general context the first result is that the escape rate depends monotonically on the ceiling function and fulfills certain scaling, invariance, and…
We consider a crowd of N persons trying to exit some area trough a small exit. The probability is calculated that an individual is able to withdraw from the crowd under one's own steam. The problem is simulated within the generalized force…
In crowd evacuation the time interval before decisive movement towards a safe place is defined as the pre-evacuation phase, and it has crucial impact on the total time required for safe egress. This process mainly refers to situation…
In case of a threat in a public space, the crowd in it should be moved to a shelter or evacuated without delays. Risk management and evacuation planning in public spaces should also take into account uncertainties in the traffic patterns of…
To enhance the evacuation efficiency in partially observable asymmetric-exit evacuation under guidance, a general framework of the dynamic guiding assistant system is presented to investigate the effect of density control. In this…
Waiting in a line (or a queue) is an important, often unavoidable social interaction that occurs frequently in public spaces. Despite its wide prevalence and rich parametric variability, few studies have addressed the risks of airborne…
Dense granular flows through constrictions, as well as competitive pedestrian evacuations, are hindered by a propensity to form clogs. We usesimulations of model pedestrians and experiments with granular disks to explore an original…
The results of a systematic quantitative validation of PEDFLOW based on the experimental data from FZJ are presented. Unidirectional flow experiments, totaling 28 different combinations with varying entry, corridor and exit widths, were…
A series of accidents caused by crowd within the last decades evoked a lot of scientific interest in modeling the movement of pedestrian crowds. Based on discrete element method, a granular dynamic model, in which human body is simplified…
It is tested in this contribution if and to which extend a method of a pedestrian simulation tool that attempts to make pedestrians walk into the direction of estimated earliest arrival can help to automatically distribute pedestrians - who…
A very successful model for simulating emergency evacuation is the social-force model. At the heart of the model is the self-driven force that is applied to an agent and is directed towards the exit. However, it is not clear if the…
Self-avoidance is a common mechanism to improve the efficiency of a random walker for covering a spatial domain. However, how this efficiency decreases when self-avoidance is impaired or limited by other processes has remained largely…
This contribution provides microscopic experimental study of pedestrian motion in front of the bottleneck, explains the high variance of individual travel time by the statistical analysis of trajectories. The analysis shows that this…
This paper considers the problem of developing suitable behavior models of human evacuees during a robot-guided emergency evacuation. We describe our recent research developing behavior models of evacuees and potential future uses of these…
Pedestrians often need to decide between different routes they can use to reach their intended destinations, both during emergencies and in their daily lives. This route-choice behavior is important in determining traffic management,…