Related papers: Counterflow in Evacuations
Background: Simulating a process of crowd evacuation using an agent-based model requires modellers to specify values of a whole range of parameters each determining certain aspects of evacuee behaviour. While potential sensitivity of…
This article presents experimental data sets about the evacuation movement and behaviour of preschool children observed during 15 evacuation drills in 10 nursery schools in the Czech Republic involving 970 children (3-7 years of age) and 87…
This contribution reports on the research project SKRIBT and some of its results. An evacuation simulation based on VISSIM's pedestrian dynamics simulation was developed, that -- with high time resolution -- integrates results from studies…
The time needed for a particle to exit a confining domain through a small window, called the narrow escape time (NET), is a limiting factor of various processes, such as some biochemical reactions in cells. Obtaining an estimate of the mean…
Restrictions of pedestrian flow could be triggered by directional changes, merging of streams and other changes or disturbances causing effects similar to bottlenecks given by geometrical narrowings. In this contribution we analyze…
The distance from a given position toward one or more destinations, exits, and way points is a more or less important input variable in most models of pedestrian dynamics. Except for the special case when there are no obstacles in a concave…
We introduce planar random walk conditioned to avoid its past convex hull, and we show that it escapes at a positive limsup speed. Experimental results show that fluctuations from a limiting direction are on the order of n^(3/4). This…
The recent commercial launch of twin-deck Very Large Transport Aircraft (VLTA) such as the Airbus A380 has raised questions concerning the speed at which they may be evacuated. The abnormal height of emergency exits on the upper deck has…
Rather than directly considering the queuing delay of data, this memo focuses on reducing the delay that congestion signals experience within a queue management algorithm, which can be greater than the delay that the data itself experiences…
The placement and dimensioning of exit routes is informed by experimental data and theoretical models. The experimental data is still to a large extent uncertain and contradictory. In this contribution an attempt is made to understand and…
It has become widely known that when two flows of pedestrians cross stripes emerge spontaneously by which the pedestrians of the two walking directions manage to pass each other in an orderly manner. In this work, we report about the…
Timely evacuation is crucial to disaster response, as people can avoid suffering and loss of lives when a major disaster happens. With the development of sharing economy, ridesharing has the advantage of reducing congestion, saving travel…
As an indispensable spatial direction information indicator for emergency evacuation, the spatial relationship between safety evacuation signs and evacuees will affect the response time of evacuees and the evacuation efficiency. This paper…
Computer-based simulation of pedestrian dynamics reached meaningful results in the last decade, thanks to empirical evidences and acquired knowledge fitting fundamental diagram constraints and space utilization. Moreover, computational…
For non-Gaussian stochastic dynamical systems, mean exit time and escape probability are important deterministic quantities, which can be obtained from integro-differential (nonlocal) equations. We develop an efficient and convergent…
Airport departure operations constitute an important source of airline delays and passenger frustration. Excessive surface traffic is the cause of increased controller and pilot workload; It is also the source of increased emissions; It…
We consider a random walk with death in $[-N,N]$ moving in a time dependent environment. The environment is a system of particles which describes a current flux from $N$ to $-N$. Its evolution is influenced by the presence of the random…
The ability to know in advance the trend of running process instances, with respect to different features, such as the expected completion time, would allow business managers to timely counteract to undesired situations, in order to prevent…
Despite the importance of predicting evacuation mobility dynamics after large scale disasters for effective first response and disaster relief, our general understanding of evacuation behavior remains limited because of the lack of…
Estimating city evacuation time is a non-trivial problem due to the interaction between thousands of individual agents, giving rise to various collective phenomena, such as bottleneck formation, intermittent flow and stop-and-go waves. We…