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The localization game is a pursuit-evasion game analogous to Cops and Robbers, where the robber is invisible and the cops send distance probes in an attempt to identify the location of the robber. We present a novel graph parameter called…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-21 Natalie C. Behague , Anthony Bonato , Melissa A. Huggan , Trent G. Marbach , Brittany Pittman

In the m-\emph{Eternal Domination} game, a team of guard tokens initially occupies a dominating set on a graph $G$. An attacker then picks a vertex without a guard on it and attacks it. The guards defend against the attack: one of them has…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2018-10-16 Ioannis Lamprou , Russell Martin , Sven Schewe

We study a game of pursuit and evasion introduced by Seager in 2012, in which a cop searches the robber from outside the graph, using distance queries. A graph on which the cop wins is called locatable. In her original paper, Seager asked…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-13 Richard A. B. Johnson , Sebastian Koch

We consider the Robber Locating Game, where an invisible moving robber tries to evade the pursuit of one or more helicopter cops, who send distance probes from anywhere on the graph. In this paper, we attempt to propose two useful…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Shiqi Pan

Locating-dominating codes have been studied widely since their introduction in the 1980s by Slater and Rall. In this paper, we concentrate on vertices that must belong to all minimum locating-dominating codes in a graph. We call them…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-06 Ville Junnila , Tero Laihonen , Havu Miikonen

We consider the localization game played on graphs, wherein a set of cops attempt to determine the exact location of an invisible robber by exploiting distance probes. The corresponding optimization parameter for a graph $G$ is called the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-27 Anthony Bonato , William B. Kinnersley

A span of a given graph $G$ is the maximum distance that two players can keep at all times while visiting all vertices (edges) of $G$ and moving according to certain rules, that produce different variants of span. We prove that the vertex…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-31 Tanja Dravec , Mirjana Mikalački , Andrej Taranenko

We study a two-player game on a graph between an attacker and a defender. To begin with, the defender places guards on a subset of vertices. In each move, the attacker attacks an edge. The defender must move at least one guard across the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Neeldhara Misra , Saraswati Girish Nanoti

We investigate multiple variants of the game Cops and Robbers. Playing it on an $n \times n$ toroidal chess graph, the game is varied by defining moves for cops and robbers differently, always mimicking moves of certain chess pieces. In…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-10-26 Allyson Hahn , Neil R. Nicholson

We consider a variant of Cops and Robbers in which the robber may traverse as many edges as he likes in each turn, with the constraint that he cannot pass through any vertex occupied by a cop. We study this model on several classes of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-17 William B. Kinnersley , Nikolas Townsend

Cops and Robbers is a pursuit-evasion game played on graphs, of which many variants have been developed and studied. We introduce a variant of this game, "Sneaky-Active Cops and Robbers", where all cops and robber must move on their turn,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-16 Tien Chih , Laura Scull

We show that if $n=7k/i$ with $i \in \{1,2,3\}$ then the cop number of the generalised Petersen graph $GP(n,k)$ is $4$, with some small previously-known exceptions. It was previously proved by Ball et al. (2015) that the cop number of any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-03 Harmony Morris , Joy Morris

We discuss winning possibilities of players in various variants of cops and robber game played on large random graphs, a testbed for various kinds of network queries, search problems in particular. We explore the use of logic frameworks to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Sourav Chakraborty , Sujata Ghosh , Smiha Samanta

The eternal vertex cover game is played between an attacker and a defender on an undirected graph $G$. The defender identifies $k$ vertices to position guards on to begin with. The attacker, on their turn, attacks an edge $e$, and the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Neeldhara Misra , Saraswati Girish Nanoti

In an introductory paper on dollar game played on a graph, Matt Baker wrote the following: ``The total number of borrowing moves required to win the game when playing the 'borrowing binge strategy' is independent of which borrowing moves…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-25 Marine Cases-Thomas

We prove that the cop number of any $2K_2$-free graph is at most 2, proving a conjecture of Sivaraman and Testa. We also show that the upper bound of $3$ on the cop number of $2K_1+K_2$-free (co-diamond--free) graphs is best possible.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-29 Jérémie Turcotte

We investigate Hunters & Rabbit game, where a set of hunters tries to catch an invisible rabbit that slides along the edges of a graph. We show that the minimum number of hunters required to win on an (n\times m)-grid is \lfloor…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-23 Tatjana V. Abramovskaya , Fedor V. Fomin , Petr A. Golovach , Michał Pilipczuk

Coloring a graph $G$ consists in finding an assignment of colors $c: V(G)\to\{1,\ldots,p\}$ such that any pair of adjacent vertices receives different colors. The minimum integer $p$ such that a coloring exists is called the chromatic…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-12-25 Théo Pierron

We consider the localization game played on graphs in which a cop tries to determine the exact location of an invisible robber by exploiting distance probes. The corresponding graph parameter $\zeta(G)$ for a given graph $G$ is called the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-09-07 Andrzej Dudek , Sean English , Alan Frieze , Calum MacRury , Pawel Pralat

The deduction game may be thought of as a variant on the classical game of cops and robber in which the cops (searchers) aim to capture an invisible robber (evader); each cop is allowed to move at most once, and cops situated on different…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-30 Andrea C. Burgess , Nancy E. Clarke , Shannon L. Fitzpatrick , Melissa A. Huggan