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Standard textbooks will state that hydrodynamics requires near-equilibrium to be applicable. Recently, however, out-of-equilibrium attractor solutions for hydrodynamics have been found in kinetic theory and holography in systems with a high…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-01-19 Paul Romatschke

The first-order relativistic fluid theories of dissipation proposed by Eckart and Landau-Lifshitz have been proved to be unstable. They admit solutions which start in proximity of equilibrium and depart exponentially from it. We show that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-02 Lorenzo Gavassino , Marco Antonelli , Brynmor Haskell

Hydrodynamic behavior is a general feature of interacting systems with many degrees of freedom constrained by conservation laws. To date hydrodynamic scaling in relativistic quantum systems has been observed in many high energy settings,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 Luis M. A. Bettencourt , Fred Cooper , Karen Pao

Based on the recent work [1,2], we formulate the first law and the second law of stochastic thermodynamics in the framework of general relativity. These laws are established for a charged Brownian particle moving in a heat reservoir and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-01-09 Tao Wang , Yifan Cai , Long Cui , Liu Zhao

We re-derive the equations of motion of dissipative relativistic fluid dynamics from kinetic theory. In contrast to the derivation of Israel and Stewart, which considered the second moment of the Boltzmann equation to obtain equations of…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2010-10-27 G. S. Denicol , T. Koide , D. H. Rischke

Simple, self-similar, analytic solutions of 1+1 dimensional relativistic hydrodynamics are presented, generalizing Bjorken's solution to inhomogeneous rapidity distribution.

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 T. Csorgo , F. Grassi , Y. Hama , T. Kodama

Hydrodynamics can be formulated as the gradient expansion of conserved currents in terms of the fundamental fields describing the near-equilibrium fluid flow. In the relativistic case, the Navier-Stokes equations follow from the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-10-06 Sašo Grozdanov , Nikolaos Kaplis

We extend to the Horndeski realm the irreversible thermodynamics description of gravity previously studied in "first generation" scalar-tensor theories. We identify a subclass of Horndeski theories as an out-of--equilibrium state, while…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-06-22 Andrea Giusti , Stefan Zentarra , Lavinia Heisenberg , Valerio Faraoni

We present the derivation of second-order relativistic viscous hydrodynamics from an effective Boltzmann equation for a system consisting of quasiparticles of a single species. We consider temperature-dependent masses of the quasiparticles…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2017-03-15 Leonardo Tinti , Amaresh Jaiswal , Radoslaw Ryblewski

This paper examines the mathematical properties of the relativistic diffusion equation. The peculiar solution which Hiscock and Lindblom identified as an instability is shown to emerge from an ill-posed initial value problem. These do not…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 Peter Kostaedt , Mario Liu

Generalizing the collision term in the relativistic Boltzmann equation to include nonlocal effects, and using Grad's 14-moment approximation for the single-particle distribution function, we derive evolution equations for the relativistic…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2013-03-13 Amaresh Jaiswal , Rajeev S. Bhalerao , Subrata Pal

Explicit equations are given for describing the space-time evolution of non-ideal (viscous) relativistic fluids undergoing boost-invariant longitudinal and arbitrary transverse expansion. The equations are derived from the second-order…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Ulrich W. Heinz , Huichao Song , Asis K. Chaudhuri

We provide a systematic framework for solving the initial value problem for relativistic hydrodynamics formulated as a gradient expansion. Secular growth is handled by a suitable covariant resummation scheme, which reorganises the degrees…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-11-12 Michal P. Heller , Alexandre Serantes , Michał Spaliński , Benjamin Withers

We conduct a numerical study of relativistic viscous fluid dynamics in the Density Frame for one-dimensional fluid flows. The Density Frame is a formulation of relativistic viscous hydrodynamics that is first-order in time, requires no…

We derive the equations of second order dissipative fluid dynamics from the relativistic Boltzmann equation following the method of W. Israel and J. M. Stewart. We present a frame independent calculation of all first- and second-order terms…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-10-03 B. Betz , G. S. Denicol , T. Koide , E. Molnar , H. Niemi , D. H. Rischke

We show how the macroscopic state variables pressure, entropy and temperature of equilibrium thermodynamics can be consistently derived from the (quantum) chaotic spectral structure of one or two particles in two-dimensional domains. This…

We study relativistic hydrodynamics in the linear regime, based on Mori's projection operator method. In relativistic hydrodynamics, it is considered that ambiguity about the fluid velocity occurs from a choice of a local rest frame: the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-03-01 Yuki Minami , Yoshimasa Hidaka

Transport properties in gases are significantly affected by temperature. In previous works it has been shown that when the thermal agitation in a gas is high enough, such that relativistic effects become relevant, heat dissipation is driven…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-04-13 A. L. Garcia-Perciante , A. Sandoval-Villalbazo , D. Brun-Battistini

In the realm of relativistic astrophysics, the ideal equation of state with a constant adiabatic index provides a poor approximation due to its inconsistency with relativistic kinetic theory. However, it is a common practice to use it for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-12-16 Sujoy Basak , Arpit Babbar , Harish Kumar , Praveen Chandrashekar

Balance equations are derived from Enskog's kinetic equation for a two-dimensional system of hard disks using Grad's moment expansion method. This set of equations constitute an extended hydrodynamics for moderately dense bi-dimensional…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-06-25 Hideaki Ugawa , Patricio Cordero
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