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In 2009 we started an intense radial-velocity monitoring of a few nearby, slowly-rotating and quiet solar-type stars within the dedicated HARPS-Upgrade GTO program. The goal of this campaign is to gather very-precise radial-velocity data…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-30 F. Pepe , C. Lovis , D. Ségransan , W. Benz , F. Bouchy , X. Dumusque , M. Mayor , D. Queloz , N. C. Santos , S. Udry

Radial velocity surveys are now able to detect terrestrial planets at habitable distance from M-type stars. Recently, two planets with minimum masses below 10 Earth masses were reported in a triple system around the M-type star Gliese 581.…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-02-18 Franck Selsis , J. F. Kasting , B. Levrard , J. Paillet , I. Ribas , X. Delfosse

Kepler-452b is currently the best example of an Earth-size planet in the habitable zone of a sun-like star, a type of planet whose number of detections is expected to increase in the future. Searching for biosignatures in the supposedly…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-26 Laura Silva , Giovanni Vladilo , Giuseppe Murante , Antonello Provenzale

The M-type star Gliese 581 is orbited by at least one terrestrial planet candidate in the habitable zone, i.e. GL 581 d. Orbital simulations have shown that additional planets inside the habitable zone of GL 581 would be dynamically stable.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 P. von Paris , S. Gebauer , M. Godolt , H. Rauer , B. Stracke

Aims: The planetary system around the M star Gliese 581 consists of a hot Neptune (Gl 581b) and two super-Earths (Gl 581c and Gl 581d). The habitability of this system with respect to the super-Earths is investigated following a concept…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 W. von Bloh , C. Bounama , M. Cuntz , S. Franck

Exoplanet habitability is traditionally assessed by comparing a planet's semi-major axis to the location of its host star's "habitable zone," the shell around a star for which Earth-like planets can possess liquid surface water. The Kepler…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-10-01 Rory Barnes , Victoria S. Meadows , Nicole Evans

Terrestrial planets are more likely to be detected if they orbit M dwarfs due to the favorable planet/star size and mass ratios. However, M dwarf habitable zones are significantly closer to the star than the one around our Sun, which leads…

The GJ 357 system harbors 3 planets orbiting a bright, nearby M2.5V star at 9.44pc. The innermost planet GJ 357 b (TOI-562.01) is a hot transiting Earth-size planet with Earth-like density, which receives about 12 times the irradiation…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-16 L. Kaltenegger , J. Madden , Z. Lin , S. Rugheimer , A. Segura , R. Luque , E. Palle , N. Espinoza

The planetary system around the M star Gliese 581 contains at least three close-in potentially low-mass planets, GL 581 c, d, and e. In order to address the question of the habitability of GL 581 d, we performed detailed atmospheric…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-17 P. von Paris , S. Gebauer , M. Godolt , J. L. Grenfell , P. Hedelt , D. Kitzmann , A. B. C. Patzer , H. Rauer , B. Stracke

The habitability of a planet is influenced by both its parent star and the properties of its local stellar neighborhood. Potential threats to habitability from the local stellar environment mainly arise from two factors: cataclysmic events…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-04 Tisyagupta Pyne , Ravinder K. Banyal , C. Swastik , Ayanabha De

A search of the time-series photometry from NASA's Kepler spacecraft reveals a transiting planet candidate orbiting the 11th magnitude G5 dwarf KIC 10593626 with a period of 290 days. The characteristics of the host star are well…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 William J. Borucki , David G. Koch , Natalie Batalha , Stephen T. Bryson , Douglas A. Caldwell , Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard , William D. Cochran , Edna DeVore , Thomas N. Gautier , John C. Geary , Ronald Gilliland , Alan Gould , Steve B. Howell , Jon M. Jenkins , David W. Latham , Jack J. Lissauer , Geoffrey W. Marcy , Jason Rowe , Dimitar Sasselov , Alan Boss , David Charbonneau , David Ciardi , Guillermo Torres , Francois Fressin , Lisa Kaltenegger , Laurance Doyle , Andrea K. Dupree , Eric B. Ford , Jonathan Fortney , Matthew J. Holman , Jason A. Steffen , Fergal Mullally , Martin Still , Jill Tarter , Sarah Ballard , Lars A. Buchhave , Josh Carter , Jessie L. Christiansen , Brice-Olivier Demory , Jean-Michel Désert , Courtney Dressing , Michael Endl , Daniel Fabrycky , Debra Fischer , Michael R. Haas , Christopher Henze , Elliott Horch , Andrew W. Howard , Howard Isaacson , Hans Kjeldsen , John Asher Johnson , Todd Klaus , Jeffery Kolodziejczak , Thomas Barclay , Jie Li , Søren Meibom , Andrej Prsa , Samuel N. Quinn , Elisa V. Quintana , Paul Robertson , William Sherry , Avi Shporer , Peter Tenenbaum , Susan E. Thompson , Joseph D. Twicken , Jeffrey Van Cleve , William F. Welsh , Sarbani Basu , Bill Chaplin , Andrea Miglio , Steve Kawaler , Torben Arentoft , Dennis Stello , Travis S. Metcalfe , Graham Verner , Christoffer Karoff , Mia Lundkvist , Mikkel Lund , Rasmus Handberg , Yvonne Elsworth , Saskia Hekker , Daniel Huber , Timothy R. Bedding

The search for habitable planets has revealed many planets that can vary greatly from an Earth analog environment. These include highly eccentric orbits, giant planets, different bulk densities, relatively active stars, and evolved stars.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-18 Michelle L. Hill , Kimberly Bott , Paul A. Dalba , Tara Fetherolf , Stephen R. Kane , Ravi Kopparapu , Zhexing Li , Colby Ostberg

This paper outlines a simple approach to evaluate habitability of terrestrial planets by assuming different types of planetary atmospheres and using corresponding model calculations. Our approach can be applied for current and future…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 L. Kaltenegger , D. Sasselov

We investigate the possibility of finding Earth-like planets in the habitable zone of 34 nearby FGK-dwarfs, each known to host one giant planet exterior to their habitable zone detected by RV. First we simulate the dynamics of the planetary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-15 Giorgi Kokaia , Melvyn B. Davies , Alexander J. Mustill

The habitable zone (HZ) around a star is typically defined as the region where a rocky planet can maintain liquid water on its surface. That definition is appropriate, because this allows for the possibility that carbon-based,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 James F. Kasting , Ravi Kopparapu , Ramses M. Ramirez , Chester Harman

The habitable zone (HZ) describes the range of orbital distances around a star where the existence of liquid water on the surface of an Earth-like planet is in principle possible. While 3D climate studies can calculate the water vapor, ice…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-20 M. Godolt , J. L. Grenfell , D. Kitzmann , M. Kunze , U. Langematz , A. B. C. Patzer , H. Rauer , B. Stracke

Directly imaging temperate rocky planets orbiting nearby, Sun-like stars with a 6-m-class IR/O/UV space telescope, recently dubbed the Habitable Worlds Observatory, is a high priority goal of the Astro2020 Decadal Survey. To prepare for…

Earth-sized planets in the habitable zones of M dwarfs are good candidates for the study of habitability and detection of biosignatures. To search for these planets, we analyze all available radial velocity data and apply four signal…

The conditions that a planet must fulfill to be habitable are not precisely known. However, it is comparatively easier to define conditions under which a planet is very likely not habitable. Finding such conditions is important as it can…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Yann Alibert

We report on the discovery and validation of Kepler-452b, a transiting planet identified by a search through the 4 years of data collected by NASA's Kepler Mission. This possibly rocky 1.63$^{+0.23}_{-0.20}$ R$_\oplus$ planet orbits its G2…

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