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The Tur\'{a}n problem asks for the largest number of edges ex$(n,H)$ in an $n$-vertex graph not containing a fixed forbidden subgraph $H$, which is one of the most important problems in extremal graph theory. However the order of magnitude…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-06 Tao Zhang , Zixiang Xu , Gennian Ge

Given a graph $F$, a hypergraph is called a Berge-$F$ if it can be obtained by expanding each edge of $F$ into a hyperedge containing it. Let $M_{k}$ denote the matching of size $k$. Kang, Ni, and Shan [12] determined the Tur\'an number of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-09 Jia-Bao Yang , Leilei Zhang

Let $G$ be an infinite graph whose vertex set is the set of positive integers, and let $G_n$ be the subgraph of $G$ induced by the vertices $\{1,2, \dots , n \}$. An increasing path of length $k$ in $G$, denoted $I_k$, is a sequence of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-22 Xing Peng , Craig Timmons

The generalized Tur\'an number $\mathrm{ex}(n,H,F)$ is the maximum number of copies of $H$ in $n$-vertex $F$-free graphs. We consider the case where $\chi(H)<\chi(F)$. There are several exact results on $\mathrm{ex}(n,H,F)$ when the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-09-09 Dániel Gerbner

Since its formulation, Tur\'an's hypergraph problems have been among the most challenging open problems in extremal combinatorics. One of them is the following: given a $3$-uniform hypergraph $\mathcal{F}$ on $n$ vertices in which any five…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-04-24 Peter Frankl , Hao Huang , Vojtěch Rödl

Recently, Berge theta hypergraphs have received special attention due to the similarity with Berge even cycles. Let $r$-uniform Berge theta hypergraph $\Theta_{\ell,t}^{B}$ be the $r$-uniform hypergraph consisting of $t$ internally disjoint…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-11-05 Tao Zhang , Zixiang Xu , Gennian Ge

We say that a $k$-uniform hypergraph $C$ is a Hamilton cycle of type $\ell$, for some $1\le \ell \le k$, if there exists a cyclic ordering of the vertices of $C$ such that every edge consists of $k$ consecutive vertices and for every pair…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-03-10 Alan Frieze , Michael Krivelevich

The planar Tur\'an number of $H$, denoted by $ex_{\mathcal{P}}(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex $H$-free planar graph. The planar Tur\'an number of $k\geq 3$ vertex-disjoint union of cycles is the trivial value $3n-6$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-23 Luyi Li , Ping Li , Guiying Yan , Qiang Zhou

Given graphs $H$ and $F$, the generalized Tur\'an number $\ex(n, H, F)$ is defined as the maximum number of copies of $H$ in an $n$-vertex graph that contains no copy of $F$. The suspension $\widehat{F}$ of a graph $F$ is obtained by adding…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-05 Doudou Hei , Xinmin Hou , Yue Ma

For any given integer $r\geqslant 3$, let $k=k(n)$ be an integer with $r\leqslant k\leqslant n$. A hypergraph is $r$-uniform if each edge is a set of $r$ vertices, and is said to be linear if two edges intersect in at most one vertex. Let…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-07-13 Fang Tian

For a graph $H$, the Tur\'{a}n number of $H$, denoted by ex$(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges of an $n$-vertex $H$-free graph. Let $g(n,H)$ denote the maximum number of edges not contained in any monochromatic copy of $H$ in a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-05-13 Long-Tu Yuan

Given a graph H, we call a graph $\textit{H-free}$ if it does not contain H as a subgraph. The planar Tur\'an number of a graph H, denoted by $ex_{\mathcal{P}}(n, H)$, is the maximum number of edges in a planar H-free graph on n vertices. A…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-17 Huiqing Liu , Tian Xie , Qin Zhao

A famous conjecture of Erd\H{o}s asserts that for $k\ge 3$, the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex $k$-uniform hypergraph without $s+1$ pairwise disjoint edges is $\max\{\binom{n}{k}-\binom{n-s}{k},\binom{sk+k-1}{k}\}$. This problem…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Peter Frankl , Hongliang Lu , Jie Ma , Yuze Wu

The planar Tur\'an number, $ex_\mathcal{P}(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex planar graph which does not contain $H$ as a subgraph. The topic of extremal planar graphs was initiated by Dowden (2016). He obtained sharp…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-21 Ervin Győri , Alan Li , Runtian Zhou

Let $\mathrm{rex}(n, F)$ denote the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex graph that is regular and does not contain $F$ as a subgraph. We give lower bounds on $\mathrm{rex}(n, F)$, that are best possible up to a constant factor, when…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-27 Michael Tait , Craig Timmons

Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a nonempty family of graphs. A graph $G$ is called $\mathcal{F}$-\textit{free} if it contains no graph from $\mathcal{F}$ as a subgraph. For a positive integer $n$, the \emph{planar Tur\'an number} of $\F$, denoted by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-08-28 Debarun Ghosh , Ervin Győri , Addisu Paulos , Chuanqi Xiao , Oscar Zamora

Given a family ${\cal F}$ of graphs, and a positive integer $n$, the Tur\'an number $ex(n,{\cal F})$ of ${\cal F}$ is the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex graph that does not contain any member of ${\cal F}$ as a subgraph. The order…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-02-12 Tao Jiang , Andrew Newman

We introduce a parameterized family of invariants for $\ell$-uniform hypergraphs. To each $\mathbb{K}$-linear transformation $T:\mathbb{K}^{\ell}\to \mathbb{K}^r$ we associate a function $\mathrm{Sig}(-,T)$ that maps $\ell$-uniform…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Peter A. Brooksbank , Clara R. Chaplin

An extremal graph for a given graph $H$ is a graph with maximum number of edges on fixed number of vertices without containing a copy of $H$. The $k$-th power of a path is a graph obtained from a path and joining all pair of vertices of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-31 Long-Tu Yuan

An $\mathcal{F}$-saturated $r$-graph is a maximal $r$-graph not containing any member of $\mathcal{F}$ as a subgraph. Let $\mathcal{K}_{\ell + 1}^{r}$ be the collection of all $r$-graphs $F$ with at most $\binom{\ell+1}{2}$ edges such that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-08 Jianfeng Hou , Heng Li , Caihong Yang , Qinghou Zeng , Yixiao Zhang