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A central issue in the study of polymer physics is to understand the relation between the geometrical properties of macromolecules and various dynamics, most of which are encoded in the Laplacian spectra of a related graph describing the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-03-21 Hongxiao Liu , Zhongzhi Zhang

Graphs are fundamental mathematical structures used in various fields to represent data, signals and processes. In this paper, we propose a novel framework for learning/estimating graphs from data. The proposed framework includes (i)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-07-07 Hilmi E. Egilmez , Eduardo Pavez , Antonio Ortega

It is basic question in biology and other fields to identify the char- acteristic properties that on one hand are shared by structures from a particular realm, like gene regulation, protein-protein interaction or neu- ral networks or…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2012-10-19 Anirban Banerjee , Jürgen Jost

We derive the spectral properties of adjacency matrix of complex networks and of their Laplacian by the replica method combined with a dynamical population algorithm. By assuming the order parameter to be a product of Gaussian…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2008-04-11 Ginestra Bianconi

We study the spectral properties and eigenvector statistics of the Laplacian on highly-connected networks with random coupling strengths and a gamma distribution of rescaled degrees. The spectral density, the distribution of the local…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-02-12 Jeferson D. da Silva , Diego Tapias , Peter Sollich , Fernando L. Metz

Graph neural networks have developed by leaps and bounds in recent years due to the restriction of traditional convolutional filters on non-Euclidean structured data. Spectral graph theory mainly studies fundamental graph properties using…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2023-09-08 Xinye Chen

This article deals with the spectra of Laplacians of weighted graphs. In this context, two objects are of fundamental importance for the dynamics of complex networks: the second eigenvalue of such a spectrum (called algebraic connectivity)…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-04-07 Camille Poignard , Tiago Pereira , Jan Philipp Pade

Graph Laplacians computed from weighted adjacency matrices are widely used to identify geometric structure in data, and clusters in particular; their spectral properties play a central role in a number of unsupervised and semi-supervised…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2020-07-14 Franca Hoffmann , Bamdad Hosseini , Assad A. Oberai , Andrew M. Stuart

We consider the problem of finding universal bounds of "isoperimetric" or "isodiametric" type on the spectral gap of the Laplacian on a metric graph with natural boundary conditions at the vertices, in terms of various analytical and…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2016-08-24 James B. Kennedy , Pavel Kurasov , Gabriela Malenova , Delio Mugnolo

We present a systematic collection of spectral surgery principles for the Laplacian on a metric graph with any of the usual vertex conditions (natural, Dirichlet or $\delta$-type), which show how various types of changes of a local or…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-10-21 Gregory Berkolaiko , James B. Kennedy , Pavel Kurasov , Delio Mugnolo

A network's community structure commonly impacts its functions. For instance, networks seeking synchronisation will see this process follow the topology's hierarchical and community structuring. Herein, the interplay of network adjacency…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-01-12 Agathe Bouis , Ruaridh A. Clark , Malcolm Macdonald

We consider spectral methods that uncover hidden structures in directed networks. We establish and exploit connections between node reordering via (a) minimizing an objective function and (b) maximizing the likelihood of a random graph…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-10-12 Xue Gong , Desmond John Higham , Konstantinos Zygalakis

We introduce a methodology for analyzing neural networks through the lens of layer-wise Hessian matrices. The local Hessian of each functional block (layer) is defined as the matrix of second derivatives of a scalar function with respect to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Maxim Bolshim , Alexander Kugaevskikh

This paper investigates spectral properties of the deformed Laplacian matrix, which merges the Laplacian and signless Laplacian matrices of a graph through a one-parameter family of matrices. We present general results on the eigenvalues of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Roberto C. Díaz , Elismar R. Oliveira , Vilmar Trevisan

Spectral analysis has been successfully applied at the detection of community structure of networks, respectively being based on the adjacency matrix, the standard Laplacian matrix, the normalized Laplacian matrix, the modularity matrix,…

Physics and Society · Physics 2010-10-21 Hua-Wei Shen , Xue-Qi Cheng

Virtually all network analyses involve structural measures between pairs of vertices, or of the vertices themselves, and the large amount of symmetry present in real-world complex networks is inherited by such measures. This has practical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-05 Rubén J. Sánchez-García

We show that, with very high probability, the random graph Laplacian has simple spectrum. Our method provides a quantitatively effective estimate of the spectral gaps. Along the way, we establish results on affine no-gaps delocalization,…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-18 Nicholas Christoffersen , Kyle Luh , Hoi H. Nguyen , Jingheng Wang

This paper introduces the notion of local spectral expansion of a simplicial complex as a possible analogue of spectral expansion defined for graphs. We then show that the condition of local spectral expansion for a complex yields various…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-09-14 Izhar Oppenheim

Truss structures at macro-scale are common in a number of engineering applications and are now being increasingly used at the micro-scale to construct metamaterials. In analyzing the properties of a given truss structure, it is often…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-08 Sean Fancher , Prashant Purohit , Eleni Katifori

Multilayer networks have been the subject of intense research during the last few years, as they represent better the interdependent nature of many real world systems. Here, we address the question of describing the three different…

Physics and Society · Physics 2016-12-07 E. Cozzo , Y. Moreno