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Related papers: Disclination Loops, Hedgehogs, and All That

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Topological defects -- locations of local mismatch of order -- are a universal concept playing important roles in diverse systems studied in physics and beyond, including the universe, various condensed matter systems, and recently, even…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2022-10-14 Yohei Zushi , Kazumasa A. Takeuchi

Directing individual motions of many constituents to coherent dynamical state is a fundamental challenge in multiple fields. Here, based on the spherical crystal model, we show that topological defects in particle arrays can be a crucial…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-06-11 Zhenwei Yao

Long-range e.g. Coulomb-like interactions for (quantized) topological charges are observed experimentally in liquid crystals, bringing open question this article is exploring: how far can we take this resemblance with particle physics?…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-11-14 Jarek Duda

Freestanding tubular crystals offer a general description of crystalline order on deformable surfaces with cylindrical topology, such as single-walled carbon nanotubes, microtubules, and recently reported colloidal assemblies. These systems…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-09-11 Andrei Zakharov , Daniel A. Beller

Combining molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulation we study defect structures around an elongated colloidal particle embedded in a nematic liquid crystal host. By studying nematic ordering near the particle and the disclination core…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-11-07 D. Andrienko , M. P. Allen , G. Skacej , S. Zumer

We exploit the long-ranged elastic fields inherent to confined nematic liquid crystals to assemble colloidal particles trapped at the liquid crystal interface into reconfigurable structures with complex symmetries and packings. Spherical…

We give a homotopy classification of the global defects in ordered media, and explain it via the example of biaxial nematic liquid crystals, i.e., systems where the order parameter space is the quotient of the $3$-sphere $S^3$ by the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-02 Yuta Nozaki , Tamás Kálmán , Masakazu Teragaito , Yuya Koda

Herein, fundamentals of topology and symmetry breaking are used to understand crystallization and geometrical frustration in topologically close-packed structures. This frames solidification from a new perspective that is unique from…

Materials Science · Physics 2019-06-13 Carline S. Gorham , David E. Laughlin

Non-equilibrium dynamics of topological defects can be used as a fundamental propulsion mechanism in microscopic active matter. Here, we demonstrate swimming of topological defect-propelled colloidal particles in (passive) nematic fluids…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-09-30 Tianyi Yao , Žiga Kos , Yimin Luo , Edward B. Steager , Miha Ravnik , Kathleen J. Stebe

Colloidal particles in liquid crystals tend to induce topological defects and distortions of the molecular alignment within the surrounding anisotropic host medium, which results in elasticity-mediated interactions not accessible to their…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-12-30 Bohdan Senyuk , Richmond E. Adufu , Ivan I. Smalyukh

Identifying the regions responsible for plastic flow in amorphous solids remains an open problem, since structural disorder seems to prevent the direct application of concepts such as dislocations, topological defects that successfully…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-21 Xin Wang , Yang Xu , Jin Shang , Yi Xing , Jie Zhang , Yujie Wang , Walter Kob , Matteo Baggioli

Nucleation phenomena commonly observed in our every day life are of fundamental, technological and societal importance in many areas, but some of their most intimate mechanisms remain however to be unravelled. Crystal nucleation, the early…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2021-09-17 Sébastien Becker , Emilie Devijver , Rémi Molinier , Noël Jakse

Topological defects are fundamental to the collective dynamics of non-equilibrium systems and in active matter, mediating spontaneous flows, dynamic self-organization, and emergent pattern formation. Here, we reveal critical states in…

Confined samples of liquid crystals are characterized by a variety of topological defects and can be exposed to external constraints such as extreme confinements with nontrivial topology. Here we explore the intrinsic structure of smectic…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-02-03 René Wittmann , Louis B. G. Cortes , Hartmut Löwen , Dirk G. A. L. Aarts

Colloids are abundant in nature, science and technology, with examples ranging from milk to quantum dots and the "colloidal atom" paradigm. Similarly, liquid crystal ordering is important in contexts ranging from biological membranes to…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-12-29 Ivan I. Smalyukh

The topological classification of all known non-magnetic crystalline compounds is now complete, revealing thousands of new candidate topological materials waiting to be explored in the lab.

Materials Science · Physics 2019-03-12 Étienne Lantagne-Hurtubise , Marcel Franz

In this text we expose basic cases of some fundamental ideas and methods of topology. Namely, of homotopy, degree, fundamental group, covering, Whitehead invariant, etc. This is done by considering the elementary example: closed polygonal…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2026-05-07 E. Alkin , O. Nikitenko , A. Skopenkov

When a nematic liquid crystal is confined in a porous medium with strong anchoring conditions, topological defects, called disclinations, are stably formed with numerous possible configurations. Since the energy barriers between them are…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-12 Takeaki Araki

Topology, a mathematical concept, has recently become a popular and truly transdisciplinary topic encompassing condensed matter physics, solid state chemistry, and materials science. Since there is a direct connection between real space,…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-03-23 Nitesh Kumar , Satya N. Guin , Kaustuv Manna , Chandra Shekhar , Claudia Felser

The subject of topological defects has become a very attractive field of study given its apparent relevance to as diverse systems as the early universe and condensed matter. As usually envisaged the topology of the manifold M of the minima…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 E. D. M. Kavoussanaki