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Related papers: Disclination Loops, Hedgehogs, and All That

200 papers

We introduce structural heterogeneity, a new topological characteristic for semi-ordered materials that captures their degree of organisation at a mesoscopic level and tracks their time-evolution, ultimately detecting the order-disorder…

Disclination lines in three-dimensional nematic liquid crystals generically form closed loops whose topology is classified by homotopy theory. While this classification successfully captures global topological features, it does not encode…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-05-27 F. Aprile , A. J. H. Houston , G. Gonnella , D. Marenduzzo , T. N. Shendruk , G. Negro

We give a topological classification of defect lines in cholesteric liquid crystals using methods from contact topology. By focusing on the role played by the chirality of the material, we demonstrate a fundamental distinction between…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-06-14 Joseph Pollard , Gareth P. Alexander

Topological defects are singularities within a field that cannot be removed by continuous transformations. The definition of these irregularities requires an ordered reference configuration, calling into question whether they exist in…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-01-06 Vinay Vaibhav , Arabinda Bera , Amelia C. Y. Liu , Matteo Baggioli , Peter Keim , Alessio Zaccone

Topological defects are a ubiquitous phenomenon in diverse physical systems. In nematic liquid crystals (LCs), they are dynamic, physicochemically distinct, sensitive to stimuli, and are thereby promising for a range of applications.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-12-25 Shengzhu Yi , Hao Chen , Xinyu Wang , Miao Jiang , Bo Li , Qi-huo Wei , Rui Zhang

Highly periodic structures are often said to convey the beauty of nature. However, most material properties are strongly influenced by the defects they contain. On the mesoscopic scale, molecular self-assembly exemplifies this interplay;…

The past few years have witnessed the rapid development of liquid metal dealloying to fabricate nano-/meso-scale porous and composite structures with ultra-high interfacial area for diverse materials applications. However, this method…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-06-22 Longhai Lai , Bernard Gaskey , Alyssa Chuang , Jonah Erlebacher , Alain Karma

This paper is dedicated to studying various aspects of topological defects, appearing in mean-field theory treatments of physical systems such as ultracold atomic gases and gauge field theories. We start by investigating topological charge…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2021-09-14 Toni Annala , Mikko Möttönen

A many-body quantum system whose topological defects are conserved, abundant and mobile is a correlated quantum liquid. Since topological defects can be classified by homotopy groups, each homotopy identifies a class of quantum liquids.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2024-09-26 Predrag Nikolić

Disordered hyperuniform systems are exotic states of matter that completely suppress large-scale density fluctuations like crystals, and yet possess no Bragg peaks similar to liquids or glasses. Such systems have been discovered in a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-11-10 Duyu Chen , Yu Zheng , Yang Jiao

Topological defects are a universal concept across many disciplines, such as crystallography, liquid-crystalline physics, low-temperature physics, cosmology, and even biology. In nematic liquid crystals, topological defects called…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-06-19 Yohei Zushi , Cody D. Schimming , Kazumasa A. Takeuchi

The order parameter of the smectic liquid crystal phase is the same as that of a superfluid or superconductor, namely a complex scalar field. We show that the essential difference in boundary conditions between these systems leads to a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-02-08 Randall D. Kamien , Ricardo A. Mosna

Topological phases of matter are often understood and predicted with the help of crystal symmetries, although they don't rely on them to exist. In this chapter we review how topological phases have been recently shown to emerge in amorphous…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2022-08-23 Adolfo G. Grushin

There are two prominent applications of the mathematical concept of topology to the physics of materials: band topology, which classifies different topological insulators and semimetals, and topological defects that represent immutable…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-08-11 Zhi-Kang Lin , Qiang Wang , Yang Liu , Haoran Xue , Baile Zhang , Yidong Chong , Jian-Hua Jiang

Topological defects (TDs) are crucial for understanding important physical properties of crystalline materials including mechanical failure, ion transport, and two-dimensional melting. This concept has not translated to disordered materials…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-04-09 Matteo Baggioli , Michael L. Falk , Walter Kob

Topology can manifest itself in colloids when quantified by invariants like Euler characteristics of nonzero-genus colloidal surfaces, albeit spherical colloidal particles are most often studied, and colloidal particles with complex…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-03-25 Jun-Yong Lee , Asha Kumari , Ye Yuan , Mykola Tasinkevych , Ivan I. Smalyukh

Directional media, such as nematic liquid crystals and ferromagnets, are characterized by their topologically stabilized defects in directional order. In nematics, boundary conditions and surface-treated inclusions often create complex…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-03 Simon Čopar , Slobodan Žumer

We give the global homotopy classification of nematic textures for a general domain with weak anchoring boundary conditions and arbitrary defect set in terms of twisted cohomology, and give an explicit computation for the case of knotted…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-07-07 Thomas Machon , Gareth P. Alexander

The geometric shape, symmetry, and topology of colloidal particles often allow for controlling colloidal phase behavior and physical properties of these soft matter systems. In liquid crystalline dispersions, colloidal particles with low…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-10-14 Ye Yuan , Ivan I. Smalyukh

We obtain complete topological classification of states of nematic liquid crystal in the geometry of periodic array of rectangular posts between two parallel slabs, with tangent or normal boundary conditions. This classification has…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-02-03 M. Zyskin