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A quantum key distribution protocol based on entanglement swapping is proposed. Through choosing particles by twos from the sequence and performing Bell measurements, two communicators can detect eavesdropping and obtain the secure key.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Fei Gao , Fenzhuo Guo , Qiaoyan Wen , Fuchen Zhu

Harnessing the unique properties of quantum mechanics offers the possibility to deliver new technologies that can fundamentally outperform their classical counterparts. These technologies only deliver advantages when components operate with…

In recent years, several hacking attacks have broken the security of quantum cryptography implementations by exploiting the presence of losses and the ability of the eavesdropper to tune detection efficiencies. We present a simple attack of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-28 Antonio Acín , Daniel Cavalcanti , Elsa Passaro , Stefano Pironio , Paul Skrzypczyk

We propose a new upper bound for the eavesdropper's information in the direct and reverse reconciliated coherent states quantum key distribution protocols with heterodyne detection. This bound is derived by maximizing the leaked information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-02-17 Jerome Lodewyck , Philippe Grangier

The security analysis of quantum key distribution is difficult to perform when there is efficiency mismatch between various threshold detectors involved in an experimental setup. Even the verification that the device actually performs in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-05-01 Yanbao Zhang , Norbert Lutkenhaus

To operate quantum sensors at their quantum limit in real time, it is crucial to identify efficient data inference tools for rapid parameter estimation. In photodetection, the key challenge is the fast interpretation of click-patterns that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Mateusz Molenda , Lewis A. Clark , Marcin Płodzień , Jan Kolodynski

Single photon detectors based on passively-quenched avalanche photodiodes can be temporarily blinded by relatively bright light, of intensity less than a nanowatt. I describe a bright-light regime suitable for attacking a quantum key…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-06-16 Vadim Makarov

Optical homodyne detection has been widely used in continuous-variable (CV) quantum information processing for measuring field quadrature values. In this paper we explore the possibility of operating a conjugate homodyne detection system in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-22 Bing Qi

Twin-field quantum key distribution can overcome the secret key capacity of repeaterless quantum key distribution via single-photon interference. However, to compensate for the channel fluctuations and lock the laser fluctuations, the…

Discrete-modulated continuous-variable quantum key distribution with homodyne detection is widely recognized for its ease of implementation, efficiency with respect to error correction, and its compatibility with modern optical…

We develop an improvement to the weak laser pulse BB84 scheme for quantum key distribution, which utilizes entanglement to improve the security of the scheme and enhance its resilience to the photon-number-splitting attack. This protocol…

Quantum key distribution is rising as an important cryptographic primitive for protecting the communication infrastructure in the digital era. However, its implementation security is often weakened by components whose behavior deviates from…

A quantum cryptography scheme based on entanglement between a single particle state and a vacuum state is proposed. The scheme utilizes linear optics devices to detect the superposition of the vacuum and single particle states. Existence of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Jae-Weon Lee , Eok Kyun Lee , Yong Wook Chung , Hai-Woong Lee , Jaewan Kim

Device-independent quantum key distribution provides security even when the equipment used to communicate over the quantum channel is largely uncharacterized. An experimental demonstration of device-independent quantum key distribution is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-16 M. Ho , P. Sekatski , E. Y. -Z. Tan , R. Renner , J. -D. Bancal , N. Sangouard

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two remote users to establish a secret key in the presence of an eavesdropper. The users share quantum states prepared in two mutually-unbiased bases: one to generate the key while the other monitors…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-05-03 Nurul T. Islam , Charles Ci Wen Lim , Clinton Cahall , Jungsang Kim , Daniel J. Gauthier

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two users to exchange a provably secure key for cryptographic applications. In prepare-and-measure QKD protocols, the states must be indistinguishable to prevent information leakage to an eavesdropper…

We investigate the possibility of eavesdropping on a quantum key distribution network by local sequential quantum unsharp measurement attacks by the eavesdropper. In particular, we consider a pure two-qubit state shared between two parties…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-08 Yash Wath , Hariprasad M , Freya Shah , Shashank Gupta

Quantum communication protocols can be designed to detect eavesdropping attacks, something that classical technologies are unable to do since classical information can be replicated in a non-destructive manner. Eavesdropping detection is,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Santanu Majhi , Debajyoti Bera

Optical key distribution (OKD) protects the physical layer of communication links by taking advantage of the inherent noise present in the photodetection process. It allows for efficient generation of a shared random key between two distant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-24 Karol Łukanowski , Michał Wójcik , Stefano Olivares , Konrad Banaszek , Marcin Jarzyna

We propose an efficient strategy to attack a continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) system, that we call homodyne detector blinding. This attack strategy takes advantage of a generic vulnerability of homodyne receivers: a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-18 Hao Qin , Rupesh Kumar , Vadim Makarov , Romain Alléaume
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