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The BB84 quantum key distribution protocol is semi device independent in the sense that it can be shown to be secure if just one of the users' devices is restricted to a qubit Hilbert space. Here, we derive an analytic lower bound on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-02-16 Erik Woodhead

We address a continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) protocol employing quaternary phase-shift-keying (QPSK) of coherent states and a non-Gaussian measurement inspired by quantum receivers minimizing the error probability in a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-10-13 Michele N. Notarnicola , Marcin Jarzyna , Stefano Olivares , Konrad Banaszek

In this work, we present a novel authenticated Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol employing maximally entangled qubit pairs. In the absence of noise, we securely authenticate the well-known BB84 QKD scheme under two assumptions: first,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-22 Pol Julià Farré , Vladlen Galetsky , Soham Ghosh , Janis Nötzel , Christian Deppe

Quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two spatially separated parties to securely generate a cryptographic key. The first QKD protocol, published by C. H. Bennett and G. Brassard in 1984 (BB84), describes how this is achieved by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-03-13 Olli Ahonen

We study the advantages to be gained in quantum key distribution (QKD) protocols by combining the techniques of local randomization, or noisy preprocessing, and structured (nonrandom) block codes. Extending the results of [Smith, Renes, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-30 Oliver Kern , Joseph M. Renes

We present three quantum key distribution protocols using entangled state. In the first two protocols, all Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen pairs are used to distribute a secret key except those chosen for eavesdropping check, because the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jian Wang , Quan Zhang , Chao-jing Tang

This study proposes a quantum secret authentication code for protecting the integrity of secret quantum states. Since BB84[1] was first proposed, the eavesdropper detection strategy in almost all quantum cryptographic protocols is based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-08-18 Tong-Xuan Wei , Tzonelih Hwang , Chia-Wei Tsai

We present a complete protocol for BB84 quantum key distribution for a realistic setting (noise, loss, multi-photon signals of the source) that covers many of todays experimental implementations. The security of this protocol is shown…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-07-10 Hitoshi Inamori , Norbert Lütkenhaus , Dominic Mayers

Passive light-source side channel in quantum key distribution (QKD) makes the quantum signals more distinguishable thus provides additional information about the quantum signal to an eavesdropper. The explicit eavesdropping strategies aimed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-28 Danila V. Babukhin , Denis V. Sych

We propose the use of intra-particle entanglement to enhance the security of a practical implementation of the Bennett-Brassard-1984 (BB84) quantum key distribution scheme. Intra-particle entanglement is an attractive resource since it can…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-04-24 S. Adhikari , Dipankar Home , A. S. Majumdar , A. K. Pan , Akshata Shenoy H. , R. Srikanth

We have developed a method to calculate a secret key rate of a continuous-variable quantum-key-distribution scheme using four coherent states and postselection for a general model of Gaussian attacks. We assume that the transmission line…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-30 Ryo Namiki , Akira Kitagawa , Takuya Hirano

In practical quantum key distribution (QKD) system, the state preparation and measurement are imperfect comparing with the ideal BB84 protocol, which are always state-dependent in practical realizations. If the state-dependent imperfections…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-12-21 Hong-Wei Li , Zhen-Qiang Yin , Zheng-Fu Han , Wan-Su Bao , Guang-Can Guo

Using the generalized Bell states and controlled not gates, we introduce an enatanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD) of d-level states (qudits). In case of eavesdropping, Eve's information gain is zero and a quantum error rate of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Vahid Karimipour , Saber Bagherinezhad , Alireza Bahraminasab

Research on optimal eavesdropping models under practical conditions will help to evaluate realistic risk when employing quantum key distribution (QKD) system for secure information transmission. Intuitively, fiber loss will lead to the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-01 Sheng Liu , Lu Fan , Zhengyu Li , Qiang Zhou , Yunbo Li , Dong Wang , Dechao Zhang , Yichen Zhang , Han Li

In this paper we consider a three-state variant of the BB84 quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol. We derive a new lower-bound on the key rate of this protocol in the asymptotic scenario and use mismatched measurement outcomes to improve…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-06 Walter O. Krawec

We propose a quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol that enables three parties agree at once on a shared common random bit string in presence of an eavesdropper without use of entanglement. We prove its unconditional security and analyze…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-12-23 Ryutaroh Matsumoto

Quantum key distribution (QKD) promises provably secure communications. In order to improve the secret key rate, combining a biased basis choice with the decoy-state method is proposed. Concomitantly, there is a basis-independent detection…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-11 Hua-Lei Yin , Peng Liu , Wei-Wei Dai , Zhao-Hui Ci , Jie Gu , Tian Gao , Qiang-Wei Wang , Zi-Yao Shen

We devise a simple modification that essentially doubles the efficiency of the BB84 quantum key distribution scheme proposed by Bennett and Brassard. We also prove the security of our modified scheme against the most general eavesdropping…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Hoi-Kwong Lo , H. F. Chau , M. Ardehali

A precise security analysis of practical quantum key distribution (QKD) systems is an important step for improving their performance. Here we consider a class of quantum soft filtering operations, which generalizes the unambiguous state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-25 D. A. Kronberg , A. S. Nikolaeva , Y. V. Kurochkin , A. K. Fedorov

It is demonstrated that for the entanglement-based version of the Bennett-Brassard (BB84) quantum key distribution protocol, Alice and Bob share provable entanglement if and only if the estimated qubit error rate is below 25% or above 75%.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Georgios M. Nikolopoulos , Gernot Alber