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We discuss a new one-dimensional non-LTE time-dependent radiative-transfer technique for the simulation of supernova (SN) spectra and light curves. Starting from a hydrodynamical input characterizing the homologously-expanding ejecta at a…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 Luc Dessart , D. John Hillier

We present nine near-infrared (NIR) spectra of supernova (SN) 2005cf at epochs from -10 d to +42 d with respect to B-band maximum, complementing the existing excellent data sets available for this prototypical Type Ia SN at other…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-11 E. E. E. Gall , S. Taubenberger , M. Kromer , S. A. Sim , S. Benetti , G. Blanc , N. Elias-Rosa , W. Hillebrandt

The electromagnetic transient following a binary neutron star merger is known as a kilonova (KN). Owing to rapid expansion velocities and small ejecta masses, KNe rapidly transition into the Non-Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (NLTE)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-17 Quentin Pognan , Jon Grumer , Anders Jerkstrand , Shinya Wanajo

Supernova neutrinos are invaluable signals that offer information about the interior of supernovae. Because a nearby supernova can occur at any time, preparing for future supernova neutrino observation is an urgent task. For the prompt…

The late-time light curves of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), observed $>900$ days after explosion, present the possibility of a new diagnostic for SN Ia progenitor and explosion models. First, however, we must discover what physical process…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-06-06 Or Graur , David R. Zurek , Armin Rest , Ivo R. Seitenzahl , Benjamin J. Shappee , Robert Fisher , James Guillochon , Michael M. Shara , Adam G. Riess

Near-infrared spectra of the subluminous Type Ia SN1999by are presented which cover the time evolution from about 4 days before to 2 weeks after maximum. Analysis of these data was accomplished through the construction of an extended set of…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 P. Hoeflich , C. Gerardy , R. Fesen , S. Sakai

When supernovae enter the nebular phase after a few months, they reveal spectral fingerprints of their deep interiors, glowing by radioactivity produced in the explosion. We are given a unique opportunity to see what an exploded star looks…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-04-25 A. Jerkstrand

Early phase optical spectra of aspherical jet-like supernovae (SNe) are presented. We focus on energetic core-collapse SNe, or hypernovae. Based on hydrodynamic and nucleosynthetic models, radiative transfer in SN atmosphere is solved with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Masaomi Tanaka , Keiichi Maeda , Paolo A. Mazzali , Ken'ichi Nomoto

We extend the range of validity of the ARTIS 3D radiative transfer code up to hundreds of days after explosion, when Type Ia supernovae are in their nebular phase. To achieve this, we add a non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE)…

In the nebular phase, supernovae are powered by radioactive decay and continuously fade, while their densities have decreased enough such that the expanding nebula becomes (largely) optically thin and the entire structure contributes to the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-05 Bart F. A. van Baal , Anders Jerkstrand

Context.We present a comprehensive photometric and spectroscopic study of the nearby Type II supernova (SN) 2023ixf, with our extensive observations spanning the phases from ~3 to over 600 days after the first light.\\ Aims.The aim of this…

Seitenzahl et al. (2009) have predicted that roughly three years after its explosion, the light we receive from a Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) will come mostly from reprocessing of electrons and X-rays emitted by the radioactive decay chain…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2016-02-26 Or Graur , David Zurek , Michael M. Shara , Adam G. Riess , Ivo R. Seitenzahl , Armin Rest

We present an extended grid of multi-epoch 1D nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium radiative transfer calculations for nebular-phase Type Ibc supernovae (SNe) from He-star explosions. Compared to Dessart+21, we study the spectral evolution…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-30 Luc Dessart , D. John Hillier , S. E. Woosley , Hanindyo Kuncarayakti

A goal of supernova remnant (SNR) evolution models is to relate fundamental parameters of a supernova (SN) explosion and progenitor star to the current state of its SNR. The SNR hot plasma is characterized by its observed X-ray spectrum,…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-10-02 D. A. Leahy , Yuyang Wang , Bryson Lawton , Sujith Ranasinghe , Miroslav Filipovic

Type II supernovae (SNe II) are the most frequently observed outcome of core-collapse explosions and provide a valuable window into the physical mechanisms governing the deaths of massive stars. However, estimates of explosion properties…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-09-26 Qiliang Fang , Hiroki Nagakura , Takashi J. Moriya

Early-time radiative signals from type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) can provide important constraints on the explosion mechanism and the progenitor system. We present observations and analysis of SN 2019np, a nearby SN Ia discovered within 1-2…

Supernovae (SNe), the catastrophic end of stars' lives, are among the most energetic phenomena in the universe. Mapping the aftermath of the explosions to the properties of pre-SN stars is challenging due to the lack of knowledge about the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-12-29 Esha Kundu

We present the $H$-band wavelength region of thirty post-maximum light near-infrared (NIR) spectra of fourteen transitional and sub-luminous type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), extending from $+$5d to +20d relative to the epoch of $B$-band…

During the first few hundred days after the explosion, core-collapse supernovae (SNe) emit down-scattered X-rays and gamma-rays originating from radioactive line emissions, primarily from the $^{56}$Ni $\rightarrow$ $^{56}$Co $\rightarrow$…

Due to high-cadence automated surveys, we can now detect and classify supernovae (SNe) within a few days after explosion, if not earlier. Early-time spectra of young SNe directly probe the outermost layers of the ejecta, providing insights…