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We introduce a novel parameterization of supernova neutrino energy spectra with a clear physical motivation. Its central parameter, $\tau(t)$, quantifies the characteristic thermal-diffusion area during the explosion. When applied to the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-11-21 Haihao Shi , Zhenyang Huang , Junda Zhou , Guoliang Lü , Xuefei Chen

A comparative study of spectra of 21 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) obtained about one week before maximum light, and 8 spectra obtained 11 or more days before maximum, is presented. To a large extent the premaximum spectra exhibit the…

Ultraviolet (UV) observations of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) probe the outermost layers of the explosion, and UV spectra of SNe Ia are expected to be extremely sensitive to differences in progenitor composition and the details of the…

Early-time spectroscopy of supernovae (SNe), acquired within days of explosion, yields crucial insights into their outermost ejecta layers, facilitating the study of their environments, progenitor systems, and explosion mechanisms. Recent…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-28 Harry Addison , Chris Frohmaier , Kate Maguire , Robert C. Nichol , Isobel Hook , Stephen J. Smartt

The interaction between the ejecta of supernovae (SNe) of Type IIn and a dense circumstellar medium (CSM) can efficiently generate thermal UV/optical radiation and lead to the emission of neutrinos in the $1$-$10^{3}$~TeV range. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-02 Tetyana Pitik , Irene Tamborra , Massimiliano Lincetto , Anna Franckowiak

This is the first release of optical spectroscopic data of low-redshift Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) by the Carnegie Supernova Project including 604 previously unpublished spectra of 93 SNe Ia. The observations cover a range of phases from…

Massive stars can explode as supernovae at the end of their life cycle, releasing neutrinos whose total energy reaches $10^{53}$ erg. Moreover, neutrinos play key roles in supernovae, heating and reviving the shock wave as well as cooling…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-06-03 Masamitsu Mori , Yudai Suwa , Ken'ichiro Nakazato , Kohsuke Sumiyoshi , Masayuki Harada , Akira Harada , Yusuke Koshio , Roger A. Wendell

The spectra of singly ionised Strontium and Yttrium (Sr {\sc ii} and Y {\sc ii}) have been proposed as identifications of certain spectral features in the AT2017gfo spectrum. With the growing demand for NLTE simulations of Kilonovae, there…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-07-02 Leo Mulholland , Niall McElroy , Fiona McNeill , Stuart Sim , Connor Ballance , Catherine Ramsbottom

Magnetorotational supernovae are a rare type of core-collapse supernovae where the magnetic field and rotation play a central role in the dynamics of the explosion. We present the post-processed nucleosynthesis of state-of-the-art…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-11-30 Moritz Reichert , Martin Obergaulinger , Miguel-Angel Aloy , Michael Gabler , Almudena Arcones , Friedrich-Karl Thielemann

The model-independent reconstruction of the energy spectra of $\overline{\nu}^{}_e$, $\nu^{}_e$ and $\nu^{}_x$ (i.e., $\nu^{}_\mu$, $\nu^{}_\tau$ and their antiparticles) from the future observation of a galactic core-collapse supernova…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-07-11 Hui-Ling Li , Xin Huang , Yu-Feng Li , Liang-Jian Wen , Shun Zhou

The whole set of INTEGRAL observations of type Ia supernova SN2014J, covering the period 19-162 days after the explosion has being analyzed. For spectral fitting the data are split into "early" and "late" periods covering days 19-35 and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-10-14 E. Churazov , R. Sunyaev , J. Isern , I. Bikmaev , E. Bravo , N. Chugai , S. Grebenev , P. Jean , J. Knödlseder , F. Lebrun , E. Kuulkers

Before massive stars heavier than $(8 \cdots 10)$ solar masses evolve to the phase of a gravitational core collapse, they will emit a huge number of MeV-energy neutrinos that are mainly produced in the thermal processes and nuclear weak…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-06-03 Hui-Ling Li , Yu-Feng Li , Liang-Jian Wen , Shun Zhou

(Abridged) Core-collapse supernova remnants (SNRs) display complex morphologies and asymmetries, reflecting anisotropies from the explosion and early interactions with the circumstellar medium (CSM). Spectral analysis of these remnants can…

An examination of late-time, optical spectra of type Ia supernovae revealed surprisingly narrow absorption features which only become visible a few months after maximum light. These features, most clearly seen in the late-time spectra of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-12-05 Christine S. Black , Robert A. Fesen , Jerod T. Parrent

Neutrinos are a guaranteed signal from supernova explosions in the Milky Way, and a most valuable messenger that can provide us with information about the deepest parts of supernovae. In particular, neutrinos will provide us with physical…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-01-28 Yudai Suwa , Akira Harada , Ken'ichiro Nakazato , Kohsuke Sumiyoshi

Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are important cosmological probes and contributors to galactic nucleosynthesis, particularly of the iron group elements. To improve both their reliability as cosmological probes and to understand galactic…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-03-29 Zach Yarbrough , E. Baron , James M. DerKacy , I. Washington , Peter Hoeflich , Anthony Burrow

This paper introduces a novel method for creating spectral time series, which can be used for generating synthetic light curves for photometric classification but also for applications like K-corrections and bolometric corrections. This…

We analyze a time series of optical spectra of SN 1993J-like supernova 1996cb, from 14 days before maximum to 86 days after that, with a parameterized supernova synthetic-spectrum code SYNOW. Detailed line identification are made through…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jinsong Deng , Yulei Qiu , Jinyao Hu

We present high resolution WIYN/NEID echelle spectroscopy (R $\approx70$,000) of the supernova (SN) 2023ixf in M101, obtained 1.51 to 18.51 days after explosion over nine epochs. Daily monitoring for the first four days after explosion…

Thermodynamical explosions of White Dwarfs (WD)are one of the keys to high precision cosmology. Nebular spectra, namely mid-infrared (MIR) with JWST are an effective tool to probe for the multi-dimensional imprints of the explosion physics…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-01-15 P. Hoeflich , E. Fereidouni , A. Fisher , T. Mera , C. Ashall , P. Brown , E. Baron , J. DerKacy , T. Diamond , M. Shabandeh , M. Stritzinger
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