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We establish new characterizations of primitive elements and free factors in free groups, which are based on the distributions they induce on finite groups. For every finite group $G$, a word $w$ in the free group on $k$ generators induces…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-10-24 Doron Puder , Ori Parzanchevski

We define the notion of the generic state polytope, analogous to the generic initial ideal and prove its existence: This greatly generalizes the work of R\"omer and Schmitz who proved the existence of generic Gr\"ober fans. We also show…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2017-09-04 Donghoon Hyeon , Junyoung Park

We consider the following property of a first order theory T with a distinguished unary predicate P: every model of the theory of P occurs as the P-part of some model of T. We call this property the Gaifman property. Gaifman conjectured…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-07-18 Saharon Shelah , Alexander Usvyatsov

We define the scattered subsets of a group as asymptotic counterparts of scattered subspaces of a topological space, and prove that a subset $A$ of a group $G$ is scattered if and only if $A$ contains no piecewise shifted $IP$-subsets. For…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2013-12-30 T. O. Banakh , I. V. Protasov , S. V. Slobodianiuk

The assignment of local observables in the vacuum sector, fulfilling the standard axioms of local quantum theory, is known to determine uniquely a compact group G of gauge transformations of the first kind together with a central involutive…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 Sergio Doplicher , Gherardo Piacitelli

The main purpose of this paper is to present a new and more uniform model-theoretic/combinatorial proof of the theorem ([5]): The randomization $T^{R}$ of a complete first-order theory $T$ with $NIP$ is a (complete) first-order continuous…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-01-01 Karim Khanaki , Massoud Pourmahdian

Let $E \subset \mathbb R^d$, $d \ge 2$, be compact, and let $\phi(x,y)$ be a smooth function satisfying the Phong--Stein rotational curvature condition on $\{\phi(x,y)=1\}$. We prove that if $\dim_{\mathcal H}(E)>1$, then $$…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Alex Iosevich , Zhangze Li , Krystal Taylor

A base of a permutation group (X,G) is a subset B of X such that its pointwise stabilizer is the trivial group. A list (x1,x2, ... ,xk) of elements of X is irredundant if each element is not in the pointwise stabilizer of its predecessors.…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-17 Stuart Margolis , John Rhodes

Let $n$ be a positive integer and $G(n)$ denote the number of non-isomorphic finite groups of order $n$. It is well-known that $G(n) = 1$ if and only if $(n,\phi(n)) = 1$, where $\phi(n)$ and $(a, b)$ denote the Euler's totient function and…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-05-22 A. R. Ashrafi , E. Haghi

Let (E, \varphi) be a flat Higgs bundle on a compact special affine manifold M equipped with an affine Gauduchon metric. We prove that (E, \varphi) is polystable if and only if it admits an affine Yang-Mills-Higgs metric.

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2013-08-23 Indranil Biswas , John Loftin , Matthias Stemmler

The continuity of the gauge fixing condition $n\cdot\partial n\cdot A=0$ for $SU(2)$ gauge theory on the manifold $R\bigotimes S^{1}\bigotimes S^{1}\bigotimes S^{1}$ is studied here, where $n^{\mu}$ stands for directional vector along…

General Physics · Physics 2017-01-20 Gao-Liang Zhou , Zheng-Xin Yan , Xin Zhang

In this paper, we present a method to construct new stable equivalences of Morita type. Suppose that a stable equivalence of Morita type between finite dimensional algebras $A$ and $B$ is defined by a $B$-$A$-bimodule $N$. Then, for any…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2019-08-13 Shengyong Pan

Let $(X,\mathcal{B},\mu,T)$ be a measure preserving system. We say that a function $f\in L^2(X,\mu)$ is $\mu$-mean equicontinuous if for any $\epsilon>0$ there is $k\in \mathbb{N}$ and measurable sets ${A_1,A_2,\cdots,A_k}$ with…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2018-07-17 Tao Yu

We prove that if $G$ is a finitely generated group and $Z$ is a uniformly recurrent subgroup of $G$ then there exists a minimal system $(X,G)$ with $Z$ as its stability system. This answers a query of Glasner and Weiss \cite{GW} in the case…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2017-02-07 Gabor Elek

In this short note we prove that a definable set $X$ over $\mathbb F_n$ is superstable only if $X(\mathbb F_n)=X(\mathbb F_{\omega})$.

Logic · Mathematics 2014-11-25 Chloé Perin , Rizos Sklinos

Thompson's theorem stated that a finite group $G$ is solvable if and only if every $2$-generated subgroup of $G$ is solvable. In this paper, we prove some new criteria for both solvability and nilpotency of a finite group using certain…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2024-02-29 Hung P. Tong-Viet

A definable type of a first-order theory is the same as a section (retraction) of the simplicial path space (decalage) of its space of types viewed as a simplicial topological space; as is well-known, in the category of simplicial sets such…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2023-03-31 Misha Gavrilovich

We examine Fourier frames and, more generally, frame measures for different probability measures. We prove that if a measure has an associated frame measure, then it must have a certain uniformity in the sense that the weight is distributed…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2021-07-20 Dorin Ervin Dutkay , Chun-Kit Lai

We define a natural notion of higher order stability and show that subsets of $\mathbb{F}_p^n$ that are tame in this sense can be approximately described by a union of low-complexity quadratic varieties, up to linear error. This generalizes…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-17 C. Terry , J. Wolf

We provide sufficient conditions for the existence of a trace on the essential $\mathrm{C}^\ast$-algebra of a (not necessarily Hausdorff) \'etale groupoid $G$ which extends an invariant measure $\mu$ on the unit space of $G$. In particular,…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2026-03-05 Alistair Miller , Eduardo Scarparo