Related papers: Computing Majority with Triple Queries
Higher-dimensional sliding puzzles are constructed on the vertices of a $d$-dimensional hypercube, where $2^d-l$ vertices are distinctly coloured. Rings with the same colours are initially set randomly on the vertices of the hypercube. The…
Suppose that each number $1,2,...,N$ has one of n colours assigned. We show that if there are no monochromatic solutions to the equation $x_1+x_2+x_3=y_1+y_2$, then $N=O((n!)^{1/2})$, improving upon a result of Cwalina and Schoen. Further,…
May's Theorem [K. O. May, Econometrica 20 (1952) 680-684] characterizes majority voting on two alternatives as the unique preferential voting method satisfying several simple axioms. Here we show that by adding some desirable axioms to…
We develop and deploy a set of constraints for the purpose of calculating minimal sizes of lottery designs. Specifically, we find the minimum number of tickets of size six which are needed to match at least two balls on any draw of size…
We describe a quantum black-box network computing the majority of N bits with zero-sided error eps using only 2N/3 + O(sqrt{N (log log N + log 1/eps)}) queries: the algorithm returns the correct answer with probability at least 1 - eps, and…
We show that if a coloring of the plane has the properties that any two points at distance one are colored differently and the plane is partitioned into uniformly colored triangles under certain conditions, then it requires at least seven…
In this paper we describe a new efficient (in fact optimal) data structure for the {\em top-$K$ color problem}. Each element of an array $A$ is assigned a color $c$ with priority $p(c)$. For a query range $[a,b]$ and a value $K$, we have to…
One of the key issues in decision problems is the selection and use of the appropriate response scale. In this paper verbal expressions are converted into numerical scales for a subjective problem instance. The main motivation for our…
We define and study a new type of quantum oracle, the quantum conditional oracle, which provides oracle access to the conditional probabilities associated with an underlying distribution. Amongst other properties, we (a) obtain speed-ups…
We present three versions of the classic two-pile game \textsc{one-or-one-or-one-of-both} generalized to the multi-pile context. In each case, we explore the resulting $\mathcal{P}$-positions. In the first version, there is a simple…
Consider $2k-1$ voters, each of which has a preference ranking between $n$ given alternatives. An alternative $A$ is called a Condorcet winner, if it wins against every other alternative $B$ in majority voting (meaning that for every other…
The following question was asked by Prendiville: given an $r$-colouring of the interval $\{2, \dotsc, N\}$, what is the minimum number of monochromatic solutions of the equation $xy = z$? For $r=2$, we show that there are always…
We consider the approval-based model of elections, and undertake a computational study of voting rules which select committees whose size is not predetermined. While voting rules that output committees with a predetermined number of winning…
In former work, we showed that a quantum algorithm requires the number of operations (oracle's queries) of a classical algorithm that knows in advance 50% of the information that specifies the solution of the problem. We gave a preliminary…
We consider the distinct elements problem, where the goal is to estimate the number of distinct colors in an urn containing $ k $ balls based on $n$ samples drawn with replacements. Based on discrete polynomial approximation and…
We prove an explicit upper bound on the amount of entanglement required by any strategy in a two-player cooperative game with classical questions and quantum answers. Specifically, we show that every strategy for a game with n-bit questions…
A typical oracle problem is finding which software program is installed on a computer, by running the computer and testing its input-output behaviour. The program is randomly chosen from a set of programs known to the problem solver. As…
We propose a probabilistic model to aggregate the answers of respondents answering multiple-choice questions. The model does not assume that everyone has access to the same information, and so does not assume that the consensus answer is…
Counting the number of models of a Boolean formula is a fundamental problem in artificial intelligence and reasoning. Minimal models of a Boolean formula are critical in various reasoning systems, making the counting of minimal models…
We consider sequences counting integer partitions in two colors (red and blue) in which the even parts occur only in blue color. We focus on subsequences defined by constraints on the parity and color of the summands. We establish formulas…