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Chondritic meteorites contain unique spherical materials named chondrules: sub-mm sized silicate grains once melted in a high temperature condition in the solar nebula. We numerically explore one of chondrule forming processes, planetesimal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-01-18 Shigeru Wakita , Yuji Matsumoto , Shoichi Oshino , Yasuhiro Hasegawa

Millimetre continuum observations of debris discs can provide insights into the physical and dynamical properties of the unseen planetesimals that these discs host. The material properties and collisional models of planetesimals leave their…

Large mm surveys of star forming regions enable the study of entire populations of planet-forming disks and reveal correlations between their observable properties. Population studies of disks have shown that the correlation between disk…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-07 Luca Delussu , Tilman Birnstiel , Anna Miotello , Paola Pinilla , Giovanni Rosotti , Sean M. Andrews

The streaming instability is a promising mechanism for planetesimal formation. The instability can rapidly form dense clumps that collapse self-gravitationally, which is efficient for large dust grains with the Stokes number on the order of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-04 Ryosuke T. Tominaga , Hidekazu Tanaka

Formation models in which terrestrial bodies grow via the pairwise accretion of planetesimals have been reasonably successful at reproducing the general properties of the solar system, including small body populations. However, planetesimal…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-20 Spencer C. Wallace , Thomas R. Quinn

Super-thermal gas giant planets or their progenitor cores are known to open deep gaps in protoplanetary disks, which stop large, drifting dust particles on their way to the inner disk. The possible separation of the disk into distinct…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-10 Thomas Pfeil , Philip J. Armitage , Yan-Fei Jiang

The prevalence of short-period super-Earths that are independent of host metallicity challenges the theoretical construction of their origin. We propose that dust trapping in the global pressure bump induced by magnetospheric truncation in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-16 Rixin Li , Yi-Xian Chen , Douglas N. C. Lin

Motivated by its importance for modeling dust particle growth in protoplanetary disks, we study turbulence-induced collision statistics of inertial particles as a function of the particle friction time, tau_p. We show that turbulent…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-23 Liubin Pan , Paolo Padoan

Planet formation models begin with proto-embryos and planetesimals already fully formed, missing out a crucial step, the formation of planetesimals/proto-embryos. In this work, we include prescriptions for planetesimal and proto-embryo…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-14 Gavin A. L. Coleman

The solar system's dynamical state can be explained by an orbital instability among the giant planets. A recent model has proposed that the giant planet instability happened during terrestrial planet formation. This scenario has been shown…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-01-09 Matthew S. Clement , Nathan A. Kaib , Sean N. Raymond , John E. Chambers , Kevin J. Walsh

The pairwise collisional growth of dust aggregates consisting submicron-sized grains is the first step of the planet formation, and understanding the collisional behavior of dust aggregates is therefore essential. It is known that the main…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-16 Sota Arakawa , Hidekazu Tanaka , Eiichiro Kokubo

Recent laboratory experiments have revealed that destructive collisions of icy dust particles may occur at much lower velocities than previously believed. These low fragmentation velocities push down the maximum grain size in collisional…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-11-15 Haochang Jiang , Enrique Macías , Osmar M. Guerra-Alvarado , Carlos Carrasco-González

The final stage of terrestrial planet formation consists of the cleanup of residual planetesimals after the giant impact phase. Dynamically, a residual planetesimal population is needed to damp the high eccentricities of the terrestrial…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Hilke E. Schlichting , Paul H. Warren , Qing-Zhu Yin

Protoplanetary disks are gaseous systems in Keplerian rotation around young stars, known to be turbulent. They include a small fraction of dust from which planets form. In the incremental scenario for planet growth, the formation of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-06 Fabiola Antonietta Gerosa , Héloïse Meheut , Jérémie Bec

We investigate the formation process of planetesimals from the dust layer by the gravitational instability in the gas disk using local $N$-body simulations. The gas is modeled as a background laminar flow. We study the formation process of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Shugo Michikoshi , Eiichiro Kokubo , Shu-ichiro Inutsuka

There is currently debate over whether the dust content of planetary systems is stochastically regenerated or originates in planetesimal belts evolving in steady state. In this paper a simple model for the steady state evolution of debris…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-01-19 M. C. Wyatt , R. Smith , J. S. Greaves , C. A. Beichman , G. Bryden , C. M. Lisse

The Suborbital Particle Aggregation and Collision Experiment (SPACE) is a novel approach to study the collision properties of submillimeter-sized, highly porous dust aggregates. The experiment was designed, built and carried out to increase…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-16 Julie Brisset , Daniel Heißelmann , Stefan Kothe , René Weidling , Jürgen Blum

We present an efficient Bayesian method for estimating individual photometric redshifts and galaxy properties under a pre-trained population model (pop-cosmos) that was calibrated using purely photometric data. This model specifies a prior…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-31 Stephen Thorp , Justin Alsing , Hiranya V. Peiris , Sinan Deger , Daniel J. Mortlock , Boris Leistedt , Joel Leja , Arthur Loureiro

The final orbital configuration of a planetary system is shaped by both its early star-disk environment and late-stage gravitational interactions. Assessing the relative importance of each of these factors is not straightforward due to the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-11-14 Jassyr Salas , Frank Bautista , Germán Chaparro

Observed protoplanetary disks consist of a large amount of micrometer-sized particles. Dullemond and Dominik (2005) pointed out for the first time the difficulty in explaining the strong mid-IR excess of classical T-Tauri stars without any…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 Rainer Schräpler , Jürgen Blum