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We examine the nHz gravitational wave (GW) foreground of stars and black holes (BHs) orbiting SgrA* in the Galactic Center. A cusp of stars and BHs generates a continuous GW spectrum below 40 nHz; individual BHs within 1 mpc to SgrA* stick…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-30 Bence Kocsis , Alak Ray , Simon Portegies Zwart

Inspiraling massive black-hole binaries (MBHBs) forming in the aftermath of galaxy mergers are expected to be the loudest gravitational-wave (GW) sources relevant for pulsar-timing arrays (PTAs) at nHz frequencies. The incoherent overlap of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-06-14 Matteo Bonetti , Alberto Sesana , Enrico Barausse , Francesco Haardt

Convincing evidence of a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background has been found by the NANOGrav Collaboration in the 15-year data set. From this signal, we can evaluate the possibility of its source being from the early Universe…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-30 Chris Choi , Jacob Magallanes , Murman Gurgenidze , Tina Kahniashvili

The space-based gravitational wave (GW) detector, \emph{evolved Laser Interferometer Space Antenna} (eLISA) is expected to observe millions of compact Galactic binaries that populate our Milky Way. GW measurements obtained from the eLISA…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Sweta Shah , Gijs Nelemans

The detection of a stochastic gravitational wave background by pulsar-timing arrays indicates the presence of a population of supermassive black hole binaries. Although the observed spectrum generally matches predictions for orbital…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-06 Yifan Chen , Matthias Daniel , Daniel J. D'Orazio , Xuanye Fan , Andrea Mitridate , Laura Sagunski , Xiao Xue , Gabriella Agazie , Akash Anumarlapudi , Anne M. Archibald , Zaven Arzoumanian , Jeremy G. Baier , Paul T. Baker , Bence Bécsy , Laura Blecha , Adam Brazier , Paul R. Brook , Sarah Burke-Spolaor , Rand Burnette , J. Andrew Casey-Clyde , Maria Charisi , Shami Chatterjee , Tyler Cohen , James M. Cordes , Neil J. Cornish , Fronefield Crawford , H. Thankful Cromartie , Kathryn Crowter , Megan E. DeCesar , Paul B. Demorest , Heling Deng , Lankeswar Dey , Timothy Dolch , Elizabeth C. Ferrara , William Fiore , Emmanuel Fonseca , Gabriel E. Freedman , Emiko C. Gardiner , Nate Garver-Daniels , Peter A. Gentile , Kyle A. Gersbach , Joseph Glaser , Deborah C. Good , Kayhan Gültekin , Jeffrey S. Hazboun , Ross J. Jennings , Aaron D. Johnson , Megan L. Jones , David L. Kaplan , Luke Zoltan Kelley , Matthew Kerr , Joey S. Key , Nima Laal , Michael T. Lam , William G. Lamb , Bjorn Larsen , T. Joseph W. Lazio , Natalia Lewandowska , Tingting Liu , Duncan R. Lorimer , Jing Luo , Ryan S. Lynch , Chung-Pei Ma , Dustin R. Madison , Alexander McEwen , James W. McKee , Maura A. McLaughlin , Natasha McMann , Bradley W. Meyers , Patrick M. Meyers , Chiara M. F. Mingarelli , Cherry Ng , David J. Nice , Stella Koch Ocker , Ken D. Olum , Timothy T. Pennucci , Benetge B. P. Perera , Polina Petrov , Nihan S. Pol , Henri A. Radovan , Scott M. Ransom , Paul S. Ray , Joseph D. Romano , Jessie C. Runnoe , Alexander Saffer , Shashwat C. Sardesai , Ann Schmiedekamp , Carl Schmiedekamp , Kai Schmitz , Brent J. Shapiro-Albert , Xavier Siemens , Joseph Simon , Magdalena S. Siwek , Sophia V. Sosa Fiscella , Ingrid H. Stairs , Daniel R. Stinebring , Kevin Stovall , Abhimanyu Susobhanan , Joseph K. Swiggum , Jacob Taylor , Stephen R. Taylor , Jacob E. Turner , Caner Unal , Michele Vallisneri , Rutger van Haasteren , Sarah J. Vigeland , Haley M. Wahl , Caitlin A. Witt , David Wright , Olivia Young

Since the pioneering detection of gravitational wave (GW) from a binary black hole merger by the LIGO-Virgo collaboration, GW has become a powerful probe for astrophysics and cosmology. If compact dark matter (DM) candidates, e.g.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-04 Xin-Yi Lin , Xi-Jing Wang , Huan Zhou , Zhengxiang Li , Kai Liao , Zong-Hong Zhu

Recent pulsar timing array (PTA) observations have detected nanohertz gravitational waves, likely originating from massive black hole binaries (MBHBs). The detected amplitude is unexpectedly higher than inferred from the electromagnetic…

We assess the detectability of a nanohertz gravitational wave (GW) background with respect to additive red and white noise in the timing of millisecond pulsars. We develop detection criteria based on the cross-correlation function summed…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-28 J. M. Cordes , R. M. Shannon

Gravitational waves can probe the existence of planetary-mass primordial black holes. Considering a mass range of $[10^{-7}-10^{-2}]M_\odot$, inspiraling primordial black holes could emit either continuous gravitational waves,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-05-25 Andrew L. Miller , Sébastien Clesse , Federico De Lillo , Giacomo Bruno , Antoine Depasse , Andres Tanasijczuk

We investigate the merging rates of compact binaries in galaxies, and the related detection rate of gravitational wave (GW) events with AdvLIGO/Virgo and with the Einstein Telescope. To this purpose, we rely on three basic ingredients: (i)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-09-04 L. Boco , A. Lapi , S. Goswami , F. Perrotta , C. Baccigalupi , L. Danese

Compact Galactic binaries where at least one member is a white dwarf or neutron star constitute the majority of individually detectable sources for future low-frequency space-based gravitational-wave (GW) observatories; they also form an…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-03 Samaya Nissanke , Michele Vallisneri , Gijs Nelemans , Thomas A. Prince

Next generation detectors, such as LISA, LGWA, and ET will, for the first time, probe the high redshift Universe, offering unique insight into the birth, growth, and dynamics of the first black holes (BHs) during their earliest stages…

Binary systems with ultrashort-period planetary-mass companions are expected to radiate continuous gravitational waves (GWs). However, earlier studies found that the detectability of such systems by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-08 Abdusattar Kurban , Xia Zhou , Na Wang , Yong-Feng Huang , Wenming Yan , Jianping Yuan , Ali Esamdin , Yu-Bin Wang , Zhigang Wen , Rai Yuen

The advent of gravitational-wave astronomy is now allowing for the study of compact binary merger demographics throughout the Universe. This information can be leveraged as tools for understanding massive stars, their environments, and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-04-12 Kevin Turbang , Max Lalleman , Thomas A. Callister , Nick van Remortel

In multi-component dark matter models, a fraction $f_\text{pbh}$ of the dark matter could be in the form of primordial black holes (PBHs) with (sub)solar masses. Some would have formed binaries that presently trace the Milky Way halo of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-06 Frans van Die , Ivan Rapoport , Yonadav Barry Ginat , Vincent Desjacques

Black holes binaries coming from a distribution of primordial black holes might exhibit a large merger rate up to large redshifts. Using a phenomenological model for the merger rate, we show that changes in its slope, up to redshifts $z\sim…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-07-13 Vicente Atal , Jose J. Blanco-Pillado , Albert Sanglas , Nikolaos Triantafyllou

Unresolved sources of gravitational waves (GWs) produced by the merger of a binary of black holes at cosmological distances combine into a stochastic background. Such a background is in the continuous or popcorn regime, depending on whether…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-08 Matteo Braglia , Juan Garcia-Bellido , Sachiko Kuroyanagi

Gravitational waves (GW) from eccentric binaries have intricate signals encoding important features about the location, creation and evolution of the sources. Eccentricity shortens the merger time, making the emitted GW statistically…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-13 Dillon Buskirk , Maria C. Babiuc Hamilton

Recent observations by pulsar timing arrays indicate the presence of gravitational wave signals, likely from supermassive black hole binaries. These binaries can produce two types of signals: a stochastic gravitational wave background (GWB)…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-02-12 Irene Ferranti , Golam Shaifullah , Aurelien Chalumeau , Alberto Sesana

Gravitational-wave detections have revealed a previously unknown population of stellar mass black holes with masses above $20\, M_{\odot}$. These observations provide a new way to test models of stellar evolution for massive stars. By…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-04-25 Colm Talbot , Eric Thrane