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Zero forcing is a deterministic iterative graph coloring process in which vertices are colored either blue or white, and in every round, any blue vertices that have a single white neighbor force these white vertices to become blue. Here we…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-09-17 Sean English , Calum MacRury , Pawel Pralat

We study weighted edge coloring of graphs, where we are given an undirected edge-weighted general multi-graph $G := (V, E)$ with weights $w : E \rightarrow [0, 1]$. The goal is to find a proper weighted coloring of the edges with as few…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Debarsho Sannyasi

A well-known consequence of Schur's theorem is that for $r\in \mathbb{N}$, if $n$ is sufficiently large, then any $r$-colouring of $[n]$ results in monochromatic $a,b,c\in [n]$ such that $ab=c$. In this paper we are interested in the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-01-15 Roger Lidón , Darío Martínez , Patrick Morris , Miquel Ortega

Given a graph $G$ and color set $\{1, \ldots, k\}$, a $\textit{proper coloring}$ is an assignment of a color to each vertex of $G$ such that no two vertices connected by an edge are given the same color. The problem of drawing a proper…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Mark Huber

The clique chromatic number of a graph is the smallest number of colors in a vertex coloring so that no maximal clique is monochromatic. In this paper, we determine the order of magnitude of the clique chromatic number of the random graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-04 Manuel Fernandez , Lutz Warnke

A path in an edge-colored graph $G$ is called a rainbow path if no two edges of the path are colored the same. The minimum number of colors required to color the edges of $G$ such that every pair of vertices are connected by at least $k$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-12-27 Xiaolin Chen , Xueliang Li , Huishu Lian

For graph classes $P_1,...,P_k$, Generalized Graph Coloring is the problem of deciding whether the vertex set of a given graph $G$ can be partitioned into subsets $V_1,...,V_k$ so that $V_j$ induces a graph in the class $P_j$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir E. Alekseev , Alastair Farrugia , Vadim V. Lozin

The classic greedy coloring (first-fit) algorithm considers the vertices of an input graph $G$ in a given order and assigns the first available color to each vertex $v$ in $G$. In the {\sc Grundy Coloring} problem, the task is to find an…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Akanksha Agrawal , Daniel Lokshtanov , Fahad Panolan , Saket Saurabh , Shaily Verma

This paper studies sufficient conditions to obtain efficient distributed algorithms coloring graphs optimally (i.e.\ with the minimum number of colors) in the LOCAL model of computation. Most of the work on distributed vertex coloring so…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-25 Étienne Bamas , Louis Esperet

A clique colouring of a graph is a colouring of the vertices so that no maximal clique is monochromatic (ignoring isolated vertices). The smallest number of colours in such a colouring is the clique chromatic number. In this paper, we study…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-11-08 Colin McDiarmid , Dieter Mitsche , Pawel Pralat

The generalized Ramsey number $f(n, p, q)$ is the smallest number of colors needed to color the edges of the complete graph $K_n$ so that every $p$-clique spans at least $q$ colors. Erd\H{o}s and Gy\'arf\'as showed that $f(n, p, q)$ grows…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-14 Patrick Bennett , Ryan Cushman , Andrzej Dudek

In the online graph coloring problem, vertices from a graph G, known in advance, arrive in an online fashion and an algorithm must immediately assign a color to each incoming vertex v so that the revealed graph is properly colored. The…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-06-27 Martin Böhm , Pavel Veselý

An online Ramsey game is a game between Builder and Painter, alternating in turns. They are given a graph $H$ and a graph $G$ of an infinite set of independent vertices. In each round Builder draws an edge and Painter colors it either red…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-01-14 Václav Blažej , Pavel Dvořák , Tomáš Valla

We study problems related to colouring bottomless rectangles. One of our main results shows that for any positive integers $m, k$, there is no semi-online algorithm that can $k$-colour bottomless rectangles with disjoint boundaries in…

In this paper we study fractional coloring from the angle of distributed computing. Fractional coloring is the linear relaxation of the classical notion of coloring, and has many applications, in particular in scheduling. It was proved by…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-03-15 Nicolas Bousquet , Louis Esperet , François Pirot

An $r$-edge coloring of a graph or hypergraph $G=(V,E)$ is a map $c:E\to \{0, \dots, r-1\}$. Extending results of Rado and answering questions of Rado, Gy\'arf\'as and S\'ark\"ozy we prove that (1.) the vertex set of every $r$-edge colored…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-01-07 M. Elekes , D. T. Soukup , L. Soukup , Z. Szentmiklóssy

We study a version of online edge coloring, where the goal is to color as many edges as possible using only a given number, $k$, of available colors. All of our results are with regard to competitive analysis. Previous attempts to identify…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2016-10-26 Lene M. Favrholdt , Jesper W. Mikkelsen

We combine the ideas of edge coloring games and asymmetric graph coloring games and define the \emph{$(m,1)$-edge coloring game}, which is alternatively played by two players Maker and Breaker on a finite simple graph $G$ with a set of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-02-18 Runze Wang

We present three sublinear randomized algorithms for vertex-coloring of graphs with maximum degree $\Delta$. The first is a simple algorithm that extends the idea of Morris and Song to color graphs with maximum degree $\Delta$ using…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Asaf Ferber , Liam Hardiman , Xiaonan Chen

We show a method how to convert any graph into the binary number and vice versa. We derive upper bound for maximum number of graphs, that, have fixed number of vertices and can be colored with n colors (n is any given number). Proof for the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Kamil Kulesza , Zbigniew Kotulski