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Related papers: Bayesian versus frequentist upper limits

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Ground-based gravitational wave laser interferometers (LIGO, GEO-600, Virgo and Tama-300) have now reached high sensitivity and duty cycle. We present a Bayesian evidence-based approach to the search for gravitational waves, in particular…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 John Veitch , Alberto Vecchio

Likelihood functions evaluated using particle filters are typically noisy, computationally expensive, and non-differentiable due to Monte Carlo variability. These characteristics make conventional optimization methods difficult to apply…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-13 Genshiro Kitagawa

Gravitational lensing magnification is maximal around caustics. At these source locations, an incoming wave from a point source would formally experience an infinite amplification in the high-frequency or geometric optics limit. This…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-09-03 Jose María Ezquiaga , Rico K. L. Lo , Luka Vujeva

Until recently, uncertainty quantification in low energy nuclear theory was typically performed using frequentist approaches. However in the last few years, the field has shifted toward Bayesian statistics for evaluating confidence…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2019-07-24 G. B. King , A. E. Lovell , L. Neufcourt , F. M. Nunes

Using a collection of simulated an real benchmarks, we compare Bayesian and frequentist regularization approaches under a low informative constraint when the number of variables is almost equal to the number of observations on simulated and…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-03-17 Gilles Celeux , Mohammed El Anbari , Jean-Michel Marin , Christian P. Robert

Second generation interferometric gravitational wave detectors, such as Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo, are expected to begin operation by 2015. Such instruments plan to reach sensitivities that will offer the unique possibility to test…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-03-17 Walter Del Pozzo , John Veitch , Alberto Vecchio

In this paper we present a model independent analysis method following Bayesian statistics to analyse data from a generic counting experiment and apply it to the search for neutrinos from point sources. We discuss a test statistic defined…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-06-12 D. Bose , L. Brayeur , M. Casier , K. D. de Vries , G. Golup , N. van Eijndhoven

These lecture notes provide a brief introduction to methods used to search for a stochastic background of gravitational radiation -- a superposition of gravitational-wave signals that are either too weak or too numerous to individually…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-07 Joseph D. Romano

We review and contrast frequentist and Bayesian definitions of tolerance regions. We give conditions under which for large samples a Bayesian region also has frequentist validity, and study the latter for smaller samples in a simulation…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-09-20 X. Gregory Chen , Aad van der Vaart

Testing the equality of two proportions is a common procedure in science, especially in medicine and public health. In these domains it is crucial to be able to quantify evidence for the absence of a treatment effect. Bayesian hypothesis…

The recent completion of Advanced LIGO suggests that gravitational waves (GWs) may soon be directly observed. Past searches for gravitational-wave transients have been impacted by transient noise artifacts, known as glitches, introduced…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 Jonah B. Kanner , Tyson B. Littenberg , Neil Cornish , Meg Millhouse , Enia Xhakaj , Francesco Salemi , Marco Drago , Gabriele Vedovato , Sergey Klimenko

Over the last five years, multiple Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) collaborations have reported mounting evidence for a gravitational-wave background (GWB) at nanohertz frequencies. Measuring anisotropies in the sky distribution of the GWB power…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-26 Anna-Malin Lemke , Andrea Mitridate , Thomas Konstandin , Mauro Pieroni , James Alvey

Gravitational waves can act like gravitational lenses, affecting the observed positions, brightnesses, and redshifts of distant objects. Exact expressions for such effects are derived here in general relativity, allowing for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-08-26 Abraham I. Harte

We review and expand on a Bayesian model selection technique for the detection of gravitational waves from neutron star ring-downs associated with pulsar glitches. The algorithm works with power spectral densities constructed from…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 J Clark , I S Heng , M Pitkin , G Woan

This report introduces general ideas and some basic methods of the Bayesian probability theory applied to physics measurements. Our aim is to make the reader familiar, through examples rather than rigorous formalism, with concepts such as:…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2009-11-10 G. D'Agostini

Analogues of the frequentist chi-square and F tests are proposed for testing goodness-of-fit and consistency for Bayesian models. Simple examples exhibit these tests' detection of inconsistency between consecutive experiments with identical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2016-03-16 L. B. Lucy

In gravitational wave astronomy, non-Gaussian noise, such as scattered light noise disturbs stable interferometer operation, limiting the interferometer's sensitivity, and reducing the reliability of the analyses. In scattered light noise,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-03-20 Shunsei Yamamura , Hirotaka Yuzurihara , Takahiro Yamamoto , Takashi Uchiyama

We derive a detection method for a stochastic background of gravitational waves produced by events where the ratio of the average time between events to the average duration of an event is large. Such a signal would sound something like…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Steve Drasco , Eanna E. Flanagan

We investigate the class of quadratic detectors (i.e., the statistic is a bilinear function of the data) for the detection of poorly modeled gravitational transients of short duration. We point out that all such detection methods are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-07 E. Chassande-Mottin

Searches for known waveforms in gravitational wave detector data are often done using matched filtering. When used on real instrumental data, matched filtering often does not perform as well as might be expected, because non-stationary and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-07-18 Bruce Allen