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Related papers: Bayesian versus frequentist upper limits

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In this paper the Bayesian analysis is applied to assign a probability density to the value of a quantity having a definite sign. This analysis is logically consistent with the results, positive or negative, of repeated measurements.…

Methodology · Statistics 2009-11-13 D Calonico , F Levi , L Lorini , G Mana

The observations of gravitational-wave signals from astrophysical sources such as binary inspirals will be used to test General Relativity for self consistency and against alternative theories of gravity. I describe a simple formula that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-10-09 Michele Vallisneri

We develop a new method for frequentist multiple testing with Bayesian prior information. Our procedure finds a new set of optimal p-value weights called the Bayes weights. Prior information is relevant to many multiple testing problems.…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-10-03 Edgar Dobriban , Kristen Fortney , Stuart K. Kim , Art B. Owen

We propose a frequentist testing procedure that maintains a defined coverage and is optimal in the sense that it gives maximal power to detect deviations from a null hypothesis when the alternative to the null hypothesis is sampled from a…

Applications · Statistics 2020-07-07 Christian Bartels , Johanna Mielke , Ekkehard Glimm

We describe and use two different statistical approaches to try and detect low-frequency solar oscillations in Sun-as-a-star data: a frequentist approach and a Bayesian approach. We have used frequentist statistics to search contemporaneous…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 A. -M. Broomhall , W. J. Chaplin , Y. Elsworth , T. Appourchaux , R. New

Gravitational-wave observations of quasicircular compact binary mergers imply complicated posterior measurements of their parameters. Though Gaussian approximations to the pertinent likelihoods have decades of history in the field, the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-12-08 Vera Delfavero , Richard O'Shaughnessy , Daniel Wysocki , Anjali Yelikar

We describe a Bayesian formalism for analyzing individual gravitational-wave events in light of the rest of an observed population. This analysis reveals how the idea of a "population-informed prior" arises naturally from a suitable…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-11 Christopher J. Moore , Davide Gerosa

Gravitational Wave (GW) data bring an exceptional avenue to test the underlying models of coalescing compact objects. In the regime of strong gravity and high curvature, they allow the exploration of minute deviations from the best-fit…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-01 Guillaume Dideron , Suvodip Mukherjee , Luis Lehner

We present a Bayesian framework based on a new exponential likelihood function driven by the quadratic Wasserstien metric. Compared to conventional Bayesian models based on Gaussian likelihood functions driven by the least-squares norm…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-12-31 Mohammad Motamed , Daniel Appelo

There are several common conventions in use by the gravitational-wave community to describe the amplitude of sources and the sensitivity of detectors. These are frequently confused. We outline the merits of and differences between the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-12-15 Christopher J. Moore , Robert H. Cole , Christopher P. L. Berry

In recent years, Bayesian statistics has gained traction across a wide range of scientific disciplines. This paper explores the growing application of Bayesian methods within the field of linguistics and considers their future potential. A…

Applications · Statistics 2025-09-23 Natalia Levshina

This is an introduction to Bayesian inference with a focus on hierarchical models and hyper-parameters. We write primarily for an audience of Bayesian novices, but we hope to provide useful insights for seasoned veterans as well. Examples…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-26 Eric Thrane , Colm Talbot

The following zero-sum game between nature and a statistician blends Bayesian methods with frequentist methods such as p-values and confidence intervals. Nature chooses a posterior distribution consistent with a set of possible priors. At…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-07-19 David R. Bickel

A curious effect is uncovered by calculating the it time evolving probability of reflection of a Gaussian wave packet from a rectangular potential barrier while it is perturbed by reducing its height. A time interval is found during which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. Bandyopadhyay , A. S. Majumdar , D. Home

Upper limits and confidence intervals are a convenient way to present experimental results. With modern experiments producing more and more data, it is often necessary to reduce the volume of the results for convenient distribution. A…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-10-02 Vladimir Dergachev

Gravitational waves have been shown to provide new constraints on gravitational theories beyond general relativity (GR), especially in the strong field regime. Gravitational wave signals from galactic double white dwarfs, expected to be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-09-27 Shu Yan Lau , Kent Yagi , Phil Arras

Partial correlation coefficients are widely applied in the social sciences to evaluate the relationship between two variables after accounting for the influence of others. In this article, we present Bayes Factor Functions (BFFs) for…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-16 Saptati Datta

We derive central limit theorems for the Wasserstein distance between the empirical distributions of Gaussian samples. The cases are distinguished whether the underlying laws are the same or different. Results are based on the (quadratic)…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-02-22 Thomas Rippl , Axel Munk , Anja Sturm

An empirical Bayes approach to the estimation of possibly sparse sequences observed in Gaussian white noise is set out and investigated. The prior considered is a mixture of an atom of probability at zero and a heavy-tailed density \gamma,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2007-06-13 Iain M. Johnstone , Bernard W. Silverman

We investigate the relation between frequentist and Bayesian approaches. Namely, we find the "frequentist" Bayes prior \pi_{f}(\lambda,x_{obs}) = -\frac{\int_{-\infty}^{x_{obs}}\frac{\partial f(x,\lambda)}{\partial…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2013-01-01 S. I. Bitioukov , N. V. Krasnikov