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A method for measuring the transmittivity of optical samples by using squeezed--vacuum radiation is illustrated. A squeezed vacuum field generated by a below--threshold optical parametric oscillator is propagated through a nondispersive…
Just as the ordinary Doppler effect serves as a tool to measure radial velocities of celestial objects, so can the relativistic Doppler effect be implemented to measure a combination of radial and transverse velocities by using recent…
Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) provides a direct access to the electronic band structure of solid and molecular systems. The momentum range accessible by this technique depends directly on the photon energy used, and…
We introduce a novel application of the Hartmann sensor, traditionally designed for wavefront sensing, to measure the coherence properties of optical signals. By drawing an analogy between the coherence matrix and the density matrix of a…
Existing approaches for image-based Automatic Meter Reading (AMR) have been evaluated on images captured in well-controlled scenarios. However, real-world meter reading presents unconstrained scenarios that are way more challenging due to…
Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) has been widely used in autonomous driving and large-scale manufacturing. Although state-of-the-art scanning LiDAR can perform long-range three-dimensional imaging, the frame rate is limited by both…
There is significant interest in tailoring wave packets that transversely accelerate during propagation. The first realisation was in the optical domain, the Airy beam. Valid in the paraxial approximation, such beams were shown to…
The first part of the physics programme of the integrated FCC (Future Circular Colliders) proposal includes measurements of Standard Model processes in $e^+e^-$ collisions (FCC-ee) with an unprecedented precision. In particular, the…
A calibrated laser pulse propagating through the atmosphere produces a flash of Rayleigh scattered light with an intensity that can be calculated very accurately when atmospheric conditions are good. This is used in a technique developed…
We show that an arbitrary body or aggregate can be made perfectly absorbing at discrete frequencies if a precise amount of dissipation is added under specific conditions of coherent monochromatic illumination. This effect arises from the…
The distortion of images of faint background galaxies by (weak) gravitational lensing can be used to measure the mass distribution of the deflector. The image distortions can be used to define a weighted mean of the mass inside a circular…
Measuring the amplitude and the absolute phase of a monochromatic microwave field at a specific point of space and time has many potential applications, including precise qubit rotations and wavelength quantum teleportation. Here we show…
Ascertaining the physical state of a system is vital in order to understand and predict its behaviour. Tomography is a standard approach used to determine the form of an unknown state. Here we show that an alternative approach, based on…
A simple yet precise optical technique for measuring the ambipolar carrier mobility in semiconductors is presented. Using tightly focused Gaussian laser beams in a photo-reflectance system, the modulated reflectance signal is measured as a…
In this work, we present a method for absolute measurement of air fluorescence yield based on high resolution optical emission spectroscopy. The absolute measurement of the air fluorescence yield is feasible using the Cherenkov light,…
A wide range of techniques have been developed to search for particle dark matter, including direct detection, indirect detection, and collider searches. The prospects for the detection of neutralino dark matter is quite promising for each…
We discuss the possibilities of studying in detail the dynamics of spontaneous emission of a single photon by a single atom and measuring the transient degree of squeezing by means of full solid angle fluorescence detection.
We generate tightly focused optical vector beams whose electric fields spin around an axis transverse to the beams' propagation direction. We experimentally investigate these fields by exploiting the directional near-field interference of a…
Accurate calibration of photodetectors both in analog and in photon-counting regime is fundamental for various scientific applications, which range from "traditional" quantum optics to the studies on foundations of quantum mechanics,…
This article proposes a new method to measure the proton detector efficiency for use in "beam" determinations of the free neutron lifetime. There is currently a 4{\sigma} disagreement between the "beam" and "storage" methods of measuring…